Theme 4 - Social and Cultural Changes 1949-76

What were the 'three obediences'?

to father, to husband, to son

How many girls received education in 1930s?

2%

How many girls over age 7 could read a letter?

1%

When was the new Marriage Law?

1950

From 1949 to 1958 what percentage of brides were aged 16 - 17?

20% to 2%

From 1940s to late 1960s what percentage of marriages were arranged marriages?

30% to under 1%

How many divorce petitions were filed in 1953?

1.5 million

When was foot binding officially banned?

1911

What were the communes seen as for women?

'liberation through labour'

How many kids at a Beijing kindergarten got ill?

90%

How many work points could women and men receive?

Women - 8

Men - 10

Where did factory bosses make women work naked?

Hunan

How many staff did the Women's Association have?

40,000 in 83 cities

What was the official membership of the Women's Association?

76 million

From 1958 to 1970 how many Red Guards were female?

10% to 20%

What proportion of rural girls who started primary school after 1959 finished it?

100%

How many males and females over age 7 could read a letter?

Male - 30%

Female - 1%

When did the PLA enlist educated 18-19 year old women to go to military academies and marry soldiers there?

Autumn 1949

What percentage of primary school children were girls in 1978?

45%

What proportion of students on full-time degree programmes studied law, politics and liberal arts?

60%

From 1949 to 1957 what did the number of primary school children go from and to?

25 million to 65 million

When was Pinyin introduced?

1955

How many peasants attended winter-school from 1951 - 1952?

42 million

How did university enrolment change?

120,000 to 440,000

How many Chinese students studied at Russian universities?

38,000

In 1953 what proportion of students studied medicine, engineering and agriculture?

65%

What percentage of the population remained illiterate?

75%

In 1960 how many schools were there in China?

30,000 with 2.9 million students

When was a strict limit placed on the curriculum?

May 1959

What percentage did the healthcare spending not rise above until 1956?

2.5%

How many Western style hospitals were built?

800

How many doctors were trained from 1949 to 1960s?

20,000 to 200,000

How many months of training did barefoot doctors receive?

6

By 1973 how many barefoot doctors had been trained?

1 million

What did the life expectancy go to from 1949 to 1957?

36 to 57

What was the infant mortality per 1000 births from 1949 to 1981?

220 to 50

How many doctors were trained in modern techniques 1949 to 1965?

40,000 to 150,000

What was Jiang Qing known as?

'cultural Tsarina'

What did the Ministry of Culture get replaced with?

Arts and Literature Group

When was the Central Case Examination Group established?

1966

What was Jiang Qing's policy on culture?

'make it revolutionary or ban it'

How many official revolutionary performances were allowed?

5 operas, 2 ballets, 1 symphony

When was the Central Cultural Revolution Group established?

1966

Name 2 revolutionary performances:

'The Red Detachment of Women'

'Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy'

How many times did each person go see each performance on average?

7

What was the Chi'ng Ming (tomb sweeping) ceremony replaced with by 1966?

National Memorial Day

When was the Religious Affairs Department established?

January 1951

What were Protestant churches forced to join?

'Patriotic Church Movement'

When were public ceremonies in honour of Confucius ended?

1949

What did the number of Protestant missionaries go from between 1949 and 1952?

3,000 to 100

What did the number of Catholic missionaries go from between 1951 and 1953?

3,200 to 350

How many Catholics were imprisoned in 1955?

1,500

Where were Imams sent?

'thought reform'

When was the Chinese Buddhist Association established?

1953

What group encouraged co-operation between Uighurs and the CCP?

Islamic Association of China

When did the Dalai Lama flee to India?

1959

Which temple was restored in Beijing?

Yonghegong

When did Xinjiang become an autonomous region?

October 1955

When was Zhou Enlai's tomb sweeping honoured?

1976