HOSA Human Growth and Development VOCABULARY

general adaptation syndrome

Alarm stage: flight or fight syndrome, hormones from adrenal cortex

stage of resistance: body attempts to adapt to stressors

stage of exhaustion: energy becomes depleted, body becomes diseased

Cultural Awareness

knowledge of the existence of different cultures and beliefs

cultural competence

the ability to interact and immerse culture into healthcare

cultural sensitivity

respect for cultural differences

mores

moral beliefs held by members of a culture

transcultural nursing

the study of providing competent healthcare to those of different cultural backgrounds

growth

physical increase in size

development

the acquiring of skills and capacity in functioning

maturation

total process of skills and potential, attainment of full development

bottle-mouth syndrome

dental caries (decay + crumbling of teeth)

ambylopia

lazy eye, eye drifting

ossification

bone formation

adducted

referring to movement of the extremities toward the center of the body

enuresis

bed-wetting; involuntary passing of urine in children after bladder control is achieved

night terrors

a sleep disorder where children wake up with high arousal and start screaming and are inconsolable

ASD

autism spectrum disorder

- developmental disorder where they engage in repetitive behaviors, discomfort, and have difficulty communicating

ADHD

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

- have trouble focusing and hyperactivity

epiphyseal cartilage

the center for ossification and growth at the end of bone

malocclusion

misalignment of teeth

somatic

pertaining to the body

reciprocity

feelings of morality and care for others

gonads

male and female sex glands

testes

male gonads, produces sperm

scrotum

sac that holds testes

Gingivitis

inflammation of gums due to plaque buildup

vital capacity

volume of air that can be expelled from the gums

basal metabolic rate

the resting rate of energy expenditure for maintaining basic body functions

trans fat

fats formed by hydrogenation

Mantoux skin test

diagnosis for TB, accompanied with EKG tests and lug screenings

residual volume

total amount of air remaining after expelling

lipofuscin

a pigmented waste product from metabolism found in different organs

xerostomia

dry mouth with the absence of saliva

keratosis

skin growth from mucus membranes with lesions

pruritus

itching of the skin and scratching

cerumen

ear wax

tinnitus

ringing in the ears

health care proxy

person chosen by person about to die to make medical decisions in their best interest

nystagmus

involuntary movements and drifting of eyes due to premature ciliary muscles

macular degeneration

retina deteriorates and then people lose the central vision because of absence of cells

atherosclerosis

buildup of plaque inside artery walls

diabetic retinopathy

blood vessels in cells become blocked and secrete fluid into the eyes, caused by diabetes

glaucoma

damage to optic nerve, caused by fluid build-up on nerve

arteriosclerosis

thickening + hardening of arteries