Hormones and their Functions

Flashcards covering key concepts related to hormones, their functions, and differences between hormonal and nervous responses.

What are hormones?

Hormones are chemical molecules released directly into the blood that affect particular cells in specific organs.

What do hormones control?

Hormones control processes in organs and cells that require constant adjustment.

What constitutes the endocrine system?

The endocrine system is made up of various glands that produce and secrete hormones.

What is the role of the pituitary gland?

The pituitary gland produces hormones that regulate body conditions and is often referred to as the 'master gland'.

What hormone do ovaries produce and what is its function?

Ovaries produce oestrogen, which is involved in the menstrual cycle.

What hormone do testes produce and what is its function?

Testes produce testosterone, which controls puberty and sperm production in males.

What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?

The thyroid gland produces thyroxine, which regulates metabolism, heart rate, and temperature.

What is the function of adrenaline, produced by the adrenal gland?

Adrenaline prepares the body for a 'fight or flight' response.

What is the role of insulin produced by the pancreas?

Insulin regulates blood glucose levels.

What are the key differences between nerves and hormones?

Nerves have fast action for a short time and act on a precise area, while hormones have slower action for a long time and can act more generally.

How can you tell if a physiological response is nervous or hormonal?

If the response is quick, it's likely nervous. If it lasts longer, it's likely hormonal.