Pharmacology in Dentistry

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology regarding pharmacology relevant to dental practice, including pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and the role of dental assistants in medication management.

What is pharmacodynamics?

Pharmacodynamics refers to how a drug interacts with the body to produce its effects.

What is an analogy used to explain drug binding in pharmacodynamics?

Drugs are like keys that fit into locks (receptors) on cells to activate or block specific actions.

What does pharmacokinetics describe?

Pharmacokinetics describes how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes a drug.

What are the four steps of pharmacokinetics?

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion.

What is the primary function of lidocaine in dentistry?

Lidocaine blocks sodium channels in nerves to prevent pain signals from being sent.

What is an important consideration when a patient is on blood thinners?

Dental assistants must inform the doctor as blood thinners can cause excessive bleeding.

What effect does ibuprofen have in the body?

Ibuprofen blocks an enzyme called COX, reducing inflammation and pain by decreasing prostaglandins.

What is the significance of understanding drug interactions as a dental assistant?

Dental assistants need to know potential interactions, such as how some drugs may cancel out the effects of others.

How does the liver affect drug metabolism?

Reduces how much the medication works

What is an analogy used to describe drug metabolism?

Metabolism is like a garbage disposal unit; a clogged drain means waste (drugs) builds up.

How do oral drugs and injections differ in terms of absorption?

Oral drugs pass through the stomach and intestine, while injections deliver drugs directly into tissue or bloodstream.

What does 'first-pass metabolism' refer to?

First-pass metabolism is when a drug taken orally is metabolized by the liver before reaching systemic circulation, which can reduce its effectiveness.

How is lidocaine absorbed when used as a local anesthetic?

Lidocaine is injected near the nerve for infiltration or nerve blocks.

How does the body excrete drugs?

Drugs are primarily excreted through the kidneys, but can also be eliminated via bile, stool, breath, or sweat.

What role does a dental assistant play regarding medications?

Dental assistants must understand medications, educate patients, prepare necessary drugs, and communicate effectively with the dentist.