SLO Preparation

**Evaluate**

**Examine and judge carefully. To judge or determine the significance, worth, or quality of something; to assess.** 

Analysis

The process **or result of identifying the parts of a whole and their relationships to one another.**

Explicit

**Clearly expressed or fully stated in the actual text**

Connotation

**The range of associations that a word or phrase suggests in addition to its dictionary meaning.**

Irony

**Incongruity between the actual result of a sequence of events and the expected of events and the expected result.**

Inference

A **judgment based on reasoning rather than on a direct or explicit statement. A conclusion based on facts or circumstances.**

Tone

**The attitude of the author toward the audience, characters, subject, or the work itself.**

Refutation

**Countering of anticipated arguments**

Juxtaposition

**Placing one thing adjacent to another, especially for comparison and contrast.** 

Rhetoric

**The art of and study of effective writing and speech.** 

Diction

**Specific word choices an author makes to persuade or to convey a tone.** 

**Ex: “She began imitating his careful diction.”**

Clause

**A group of words containing at least one paired subject and predicate.** 

Phrase

**A group of words that do not contain at least one paired subject and predicate.**

Ethos

**Mode of persuasion requiring speakers to establish their credibility, skill, or morality on a given subject to an intended audience.**

Pathos

**Mode of persuasion speakers use when appealing to the various emotions of the audience, including fear, inspiration, intimidation, idealism, anger, nostalgia, despair, optimism, etc.**

Logos

**Mode of persuasion speakers use when appealing to the audience’s ability to distinguish, through discourse, the difference between what is reasonable or unreasonable.**

Evidence

**Proof coming from resources, fieldwork, and research that validates any logical support of an argument.** 

Reasons

**Statements of logic that offer support for an argument.**

Comma splice

**A type of Run-On sentence in which the writer has erroneously placed only a comma between two independent clauses, resulting in a failure to link the two according to the grammatical convention.**

Claims

**Any statement of belief that can be contested; argument**

Claims of Value

**A statement made to show that something is moral or immoral**

Fallacy

**Rationales for claims that might seem reasonable, but are actually unsound- and usually false.**

The Claim of Policy

**A statement made to endorse specific courses of action.**

Claim of Fact

**A statement made to verify the authenticity of something.** 

Fused Sentence

**A type Run-On sentence in which the writer has failed to make any attempt either to link or separate independent clauses, utilizing neither punctuation nor conjunctions.**

Loose Sentence

**A sentence structure in which a main clause is followed by subordinate phrases and clauses.**

Parallelism

**The similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses.**

Periodic Sentence

**A long and frequently involved sentence, marked by suspended syntax, in which the sense is not completed until the final word.** 

Ambiguity

The presence of two or more possible meanings in any passage.

Concession

**An argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent’s point.**