Bioe finals 1

Credible sources

When coming up to decisions and inferences, there must be a

Community assessment

Data is acquired from this collection and we call it

Research objectives

In this, data collected should be related or relevant to the research

Data Quality

Data should always be complete, precise, accurate, collected in timely manner

Sensitivity issues

In collecting data, taboos should always be checked

Logistics

This can be done if there is a need to travel from one place to another, if there is a need to follow up or hire different people

Primary

Queries, observations

Secondary

Computerized, surveillance data

Civil Registry

Major and most effective source of vital statistics. This is where we establish the legal documents such as birth certificate and death certificate together with cause of death and ICD

Civil Registrar Office

Civil Registry documents is kept in ______

Birth Statistics

It is the most visible evidence of a persons existence as a member of a society

Birth Certificate

It is being used when calculating birth rates, maternal conditions, lengthy of gestation, birth weight and congenital abnormalities

Death Statistics

Morality Data is under this

Mortality Data

It has the advantage of being almost totally complete data of deaths

Immediate cause of death

Final disease due to further reasons

Antecedent cause of death

Pre-existing or intervening event

Underlying cause of death

It is the root cause , disease that initiated the chain of morbid events

Autopsy

It is being used when the cause of death is unknown

Notifiable Disease Statistics

It is being said as reportable diseases

Nature of the data

:vital statistics, registries, survey

Availability of the data

: accessibility to the researcher

Completeness of population coverage

:Representativeness

Value limitations

: usefulness

Republic Act 10173: Data Privacy Act of 2012: Sensitive Personal Information

It is an act including individual's race, ethnic, origin, discussing about data privacy and confidentiality

Data Sharing

Voluntarily release of information by one investigator

Data Linkage

Joining data from two or more sources

Classification of disease

Method of grouping diseases based on their specific features

International Classification of Disease

Diagnostic Classification Standard for all clinical purposes. It assigns diseases with codes

Fewer/smaller

The_______ the errors, the better the measurements

Measurements

Number or label assigned to empirical properties

Operational Definition

Pre requisite for making measurements

Observer error

Differences or changes used by most clinicians

Abstract

It is not easily defined, not measured directly

Concrete

Easily defined and measured directly

Single

Obvious and has one indicator

Composite

Not so obvious and has multiple indicators

Reliability

Reproducible or repeatable - precision

Validity

Measurements reflect to the true values of theoretical factors. Accurate

Inter observer reliability

Across 2 or more observer

Intra observer reliability

Same person looking at the same data

Internal consistency (abstract factors)

Similarity among items of a composite measure

Sensitivity

People labelled positive by the test among those with the disease

Specificity

People labelled negative by the test among those without the disease

Predictive value (+)

People who tested positive who have the disease

Predictive value (-)

People who tested positive without the disease