Studied by 95 people
Instinctive Theory
The body follows a set of biologically pre-programmed instinctual urges
Drive Reduction Theory
Our bodies like to be in homeostasis (internal state of balance)
Incentive Theory
Positive or negative environmental stimuli motivate behavior
Arousal Theory (aka Yerkes-Dodson Theory)
Optimum stress is necessary for optimum performance (too much or too little stress is bad, but the right amount is optimal)
Self-Determination Theory
Desire for significant accomplishment (being in control of your life allows you to be more self-directed)
Extrinsic Motivation
Desire to perform a behavior for reward or to avoid punishment
Intrinsic motivation
Desire to perform a behavior for your own sake
Self-Actualization Theory
A true realization of our inner potential (goals & dreams)
Extracellular thrist
Loss of fluids surrounding cells of your body (caused by vomiting & dehydration; need minerals & water to relpenish)
Intracellular thirst
Sodium decreases fluids inside cells from eating salty foods (only water can fix this)
Leptin
Hunger hormone
Set point theory
Your body tries to maintain a particular level of weight (homeostasis)
Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs
(Bottom) Physiological, Saftey, Love/belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization, Transcendence (Top)
Type A personality
Competitive, hard-driving, impatient,
Type B personality
Calm, relaxed, non-competitive
Type C
Models Type A but can mirror Type B under stress
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Process of responding to stressful events
Alarm → immediate (fight or flight) response of the body
Resistance → Body defenses weaken and stress is reduced
Exhaustion → Stress becomes persistent
Adaptation Level Phenomenon
Humans adapt to their surroundings and no longer respond to the novelty of certain stimuli after a period of time has passed (Ex: winning the lottery made you happy a year ago, but now you don’t feel the same happiness)
Approach-Approach conflict (conflict motivatoin)
occurs when you must choose between two attractive outcomes
Avoidance-avoidance conflict (conflict motivation)
occurs when you must choose between two unattractive outcomes
Approach-avoidance conflict (conflict motivation
When one event or goal has both attractive and unattractive features (ex: You like the taste of candy but your stomach hurts after eating it)
Catharsis
The process of releasing tension (getting out of a state of tension)
Feel Good, do-good phenomenon
The tendency to help others when your in a good mood
Subjective well-being
Self-measuring your state of well-being (How you feel about your own life)
Relative Deprivation
When you feel worse than the people you associate and compare them to yourself with (ex: you feel sad because all of your friends did well on a test but you didn’t)
James-Lange theory
Our physiological reaction leads us to labeling the emotion
Cannon-Bard theory
Our physiological reaction occurs simultaneously with labeling the emotion
Shachter-Singer “2-factor” theory
Our physiological reaction occurs while we create a cognitive label from the environment; then we experience the emotion
Opponent Process theory
after you feel an emotion you will feel the opposite of said emotion. Also, emotions work in pairs
Leadership Style
Theory X (Task Leadership) vs Theory Y (Social leadership)
Theory X
Constant monitoring of workers, hovers
Theory Y
Gives challenges and freedom; workers are more motivated to demonstrate competence and creativity
Izard Theory
10-basic emotions that are cross cultural (ex: anger, sadness, disgust)
Ekman’s Theory
Facial muscles are used to indicate emotion and are universal
Limbic System
Controls behavioral and emotional responses
Note
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