Chapter 5 lab quiz (Stimulus)

Single stimulus

not enough electrical stimulation to cause a significant change in heart rate

multiple stimulus

constant electrical stimulation to causes greater conduction through electrical nodes and fibers

Heat

low temperature slows down diffusion/ion movement

pilocarpine

stimulate parasympathetic nervous system by stimulating release of acetylcholine, slow down rate of heart contractions

Atropine

Blocks the effects of acetylcholine, increasing heart rate and reducing secretions

Epinephrine

Releasing epinephrine increase heart rate

Digitalis

Used for CHF patients, this drug is thought to inhibit the Na/K pump, which is involved in transmission of the neural impulse along the muscle fiber (lower heart rate, increases force)

Calcium ions

Causes arrhythmia because it inhibits Na permeability, decreasing the ability to create an action potential

sodium ions

which chemical causes edema and increase BP and makes the RMP more positive? These effects can lead to arrhythmia and CHF from edema

Potassium ions

what chemical severely hyperpolarized the membrane of cardiomyocytes, causing erratic heartbeat, eventually stopping it altogether

What pituitary hormone caused maturation of the frog eggs before ovulation occurred?

FSH

Which hormone stimulated release of eggs from the frog?

LH

SA node

pacemaker, starts the electrical impulses in the heart, regulating heart rate.

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is the second step we covered, triggered by the depolarization wave of the atria?

AV node

Purkinje Fibers

specialized fibers that conduct electrical impulses to the ventricles, ensuring coordinated contraction. Last step of heart conduction

Bundle Branches

Pathways that carry electrical impulses from the Bundle of His to the Purkinje fibers, facilitating ventricular contraction. Fourth part of the heart conduction.

AV Bundle (of His)

A collection of heart muscle fibers that transmit impulses from the AV node to the bundle branches, playing a crucial role in the cardiac conduction system. Third part of the heart conduction

When applying a single shock at the falling part of the high peak (beginning of relaxation) in the frog heart, ___ occurs during the relaxation phase (diastole of the electrocardiogram)

extrasystole

Asystole

absence of heart beat

Vagus Escape

heart event that occurs when the vagus nerve is stimulated, causing a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure

Draw endocrine system and label

Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, and testes