Zoology: Ch. 5 Flatworms & Roundworms

Acoelomates

Animals that lack a true body cavity

Anemia

Disease characterized by a decrease in number of red blood cells or amount of iron in the blood

Ascaris

the most common parasitic worm infection in people worldwide; also known as "wandering worms"

Auricles

The projections on a planarian which give the anterior end its triangular shape

Beef Tapeworm

juveniles of this worm live in the intestines of cows

Blood fluke

Parasite known to cause Schistosomiasis

Cephalization

The concentration of sense organs and nervous system control at the anterior end of the body

Cercaria

A swimming, fork-tailed larva of a blood fluke

Cerebral ganglia

Two clusters of nerve cells which serve as a simple brain in planaria and other flatworms

Cestoda

Tapeworm class

Cuticle

Thick, flexible outer covering of a roundworm; shed during juvenile growth stages

Definitive Host

The last animal host that an adult parasite uses to grow and live

Diffusion

Process in which flatworms breathe

Digenetic Flukes

Animals with leaf-like bodies and one or more suckers used to attach themselves to their host

Dog Tapeworm

One of the most dangerous tapeworms in which humans are an intermediate host

Elephantiasis

Disease that involves thickening and hardening of the skin; often a result of Filarial Worm infection

Filarial Worms

Roundworms which cause the disease Lymphatic filariasis

Flame cells

Cup-shaped cells which expel excess liquids from the flatworm body

Flatworms

the least complex of all types of worms

free-living

Term for an organism that is not a parasite

gravid

Term for an organism which is mature and pregnant or full of eggs

Heartworms

the most life-threatening canine worms

Hookworms

Bloodsucking roundworms living in the small intestine; live in warm, moist soils and can penetrate the soles of your feet

host

The organism that a parasite will live on or in and feed off of

Intermediate Host

The first host that a juvenile parasite uses to grow and live

intestines

Organ in which most tapeworms live

Lymphedema

Swollen tissue caused by obstruction of the lymph fluid; a common symptom of Lymphatic filariasis

Monogenea

Class containing flukes with a single host

Monogenetic flukes

Parasitic flatworms with no intermediate hosts

Mosquitoes

Intermediate hosts of a canine or feline heartworm

Nematoda

Roundworm Phylum

Neodermis

Another name for the protective syncytial tegument of a flatworm

Ocelli

Scientific term for eyespots which can detect light intensity

One

Number of digestive tract openings on a flatworm

Parasite

An organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by getting nutrients at the host's expense

penis fencing

Process in which two flatworms try to get a penis in the genital pore of the other

Pharynx

The muscular tube through which the flatworm can suck food into its gut

Pinworm

the most common parasitic worm infection in the United States and Western Europe; cause itching around the rectum

Platyhelminthes

Flatworm Phylum

proglottid

Individual segment of a tapeworm body; contains muscles, nerves, and sexual organs necessary to survive and reproduce

Protonephridia

Flatworm structures used for excretion and osmoregulation

Pseudocoelom

A hollow, fluid-filled cavity that is partially lined by mesoderm

Renette cells

Interconnected glandular cells making up the excretory system of a roundworm

scolex

Anterior structure on a tapeworm; used for attachment

Six

Number of tapeworms known to infect people

Snail

Intermediate host of a blood fluke

strobila

The main part of the body of a tapeworm made up of smaller repeated units

swimmer's itch

Rash caused by blood fluke larvae entering the skin

Tegument

External body covering of parasitic flatworms; resistant to the immune system and digestive juices of the host

Trematoda

Class containing digenetic flukes with several hosts throughout their life cycle

Trichinella

parasitic nematode worms that can cause a potentially serious infection; best known intermediate host is pigs

Trichinosis

Disease caused by consuming raw or undercooked infected pork; symptoms include muscle cramps and fever

Triploblastic

Term describing animals with three fundamental cell layers

Turbellaria

Class of non-parasitic flatworms

Two

Number of digestive tract openings on a roundworm