comp #1

Social Contract

The idea that government exists based on the consent of the governed.

John Locke's Contribution

Emphasized that individuals agree to form a society and government to protect natural rights.

Right to Change Government

Citizens have the right to change or remove governments that violate the social contract.

Checks and Balances

A principle where government is divided into branches to prevent abuse of power.

Montesquieu's Idea

Advocated separation of powers in government to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.

Rule of Law

The principle that laws apply to everyone, including government officials, ensuring accountability.

Due Process

Legal principle ensuring fair procedures before depriving someone of life, liberty, or property.

Equality under the Law

Individuals are treated equally by the legal system and enjoy equal protection under the law.

Popular Sovereignty

The authority of government comes from the people, reflected in phrases like 'We the People'.

Natural Rights

Rights inherent to all people, such as life, liberty, and property.

Federalism

Division of power between national and state governments.

Individual Liberty

Personal freedoms, including political and religious liberties, are essential to democracy.

Republicanism

Citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

Constitutionalism

Commitment to a government structured and limited by a constitution.

Majority Rule

Democracy balances the will of the majority with protections for minority rights.

Equal Protection

Legal guarantee that individuals receive the same protection under the law.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments that guarantee freedoms such as speech, religion, and due process.

Elections

Free, fair, and secure elections ensure that government reflects the people’s will.