Grade 12 Biology Macromolcules

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8 Terms

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Macromolecule

very large organic molecule. Four main types include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids

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Monomer

Simplest organic unit

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dimer

Two monomers linked together

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trimer

Three monomers linked together

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polymer

multiple monomers linked together

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Condensation Reaction

(Dehydration synthesis)

  • Creates covalent bonds between two interacting monomers

  • Removal of hydrogen atom from one molecule, OH from other to “synthesize” water, thus dehydrating it

  • Reverse of hydrolysis

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Hydrolysis

  • Water molecule is used to break covalent bond

    • “Lysis” to break apart

  • Reverse of condensation

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Enzymes

Biological Catalysts that speed up reactions, and don’t get used up

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