Principle of Legitimate Cooperation

With

Meaning of Latin “cum”

To work

Meaning of Latin “operari”

Cooperation

Working with another in performance of an action

False

[T/F] To achieve a well-formed conscience, one should always judge it ethical to cooperate formally with an immoral act (that is, directly to intend the evil act itself).

True

[T/F] One may sometimes judge it to be an ethical duty to cooperate materially with an immoral act (that is, only indirectly intend its harmful consequences) when only in this way.

1. Cooperation is not immediate

2. Degree of cooperation and scandal are taken into account

Two criteria when judging an ethical duty for further cooperation

Formal Cooperation

Type of cooperation when one concurs with the sinful act of another and gives internal consent to it.

Formal Cooperation

Type of cooperation when there is an abortion case and you devide to scrub out and pass the job to another person

Formal Cooperation

Type of cooperation when you let another person do the sinful act instead although you know it is sinful?

Formal Cooperation

Type of cooperation when someone encourages, counsels, or advises regarding on an immoral act

True

[T/F] Formal Cooperation is always immoral.

Material Cooperation

Type of cooperation when one somehow externally participates in another's sinful deed, without giving internal consent to it.

Material Immediate Cooperation

Material Mediate Cooperation

Two types of material cooperation

Material Immediate Cooperation

This is observed when one cooperates in an evil act by performing something essential for the performance of the evil action

Material Immediate Cooperation

_____________ is inherently bound to the performance of the action

False

[T/F] Material Immediate Cooperation may be moral at some point.

Material Mediate Cooperation

This is observed when one cooperates in an accidental or nonessential manner in the evil action and considered the remoteness of an act.

Material Mediate Cooperation

Happens when one somehow externally participates in another sinful deed, without giving internal consent to it.

Material Mediate Cooperation

__________ is distinguishable from the performance of the evil action.

Material Mediate Cooperation

This happens when you decide to scrub out for abortion, but there is still a need for a nurse to monitor the patient’s condition, and you stay there while indirectly cooperating.

Material Mediate Cooperation

This happens when a janitor cleans after an illegal procedure in the operating room (the janitor has no idea what procedure took place but still is part of the procedure).

True

[T/F] Material Mediate Cooperation may be moral.

1. Cooperation is material, mediate, and as remote as possible

2. There is a significant proportionate reason for the action

3. Scandal is avoided

4. No alternative lesser evil action is available

4 criteria for an action of a cooperator to be legitmate:

False

[T/F] The more remotely related the material and mediate cooperative act is to the evil act, the harder it is to justify

False

[T/F] The more remotely related the material and mediate cooperative act is to the evil act, the harder it is to justify

True

[T/F] The good achieved by the material and mediate cooperation must outweigh the degree of evil and also the contribution of the cooperator to the evil.