Studied by 48 peopleDevelopmental Reading Pleasure Reading Functional Reading Remedial Reading
Types of Reading
Developmental Reading
A systematic instruction which aims to develop the student’s reading skills including reading comprehension
Pleasure Reading
Reading for leisure & enjoyment
Functional Reading
Designed to help students learn basic functional reading ability
Remedial Reading
Aims to correct improper reading style
Reading Process
A complex cognitive process
Pre-reading stage While reading stage Post reading stage
Stages of Reading
Pre-reading stage
Drawing of background knowledge by looking at the title or the life of the author
Pre-reading stage
Aims to give motivation to the reader
Pre-reading stage
Allows the reader to look for a book they are interested in
While reading stage
Reading the main body/theme/pilot with the aim to fully understand the meaning of the text
Post reading stage
stage where you check for understanding of the text
Post reading stage
during this stage the reader reflect and evaluate the literature
Rapid Reading Previewing Literal Reading Inferential Reading Critical Reading
Different Reading Skills
Rapid Reading
Skills used to get information in a short span of time
Skimming
aims to get an overview of the material
Skimming
reading skill usually done when reading newspaper, magazine books, and letters
Skimming
reader uses fingers as a guide when reading using this skill
first and last sentence of each paragraph
sentences a reader should focus on because they usually contain the main idea
Locating main idea
using this skill the reader is able to identify the central message or the main point of the text
Locating main idea
using this skill the reader is able to identify the topic or the subject of a text
Transitional devices
words that may signal the main idea
Scanning
used in searching for specific information
Scanning
in using this skill the reader must focus on the information that they need, read every word, and relax their eyes to move them rapidly
Previewing
using this skill the reader must focus on information relevant to the reader and linking the content to their background knowledge
Browsing
includes inspecting table of contents, introduction, or summary to build background
Literal Reading
skill used in understanding the material as it is directly stated
Summarizing
Condensing the story to a shorter form focusing on the main idea
Paraphrasing
Restating ideas from the original text focusing on the details
Inferential Reading
need analyzing in order to be able to read between the lines
Inferring Making Conclusions Generalization
skills involved in inferential reading
Critical Reading
it is the careful examination of relevance, validity, & logic and distinguishing facts vs opinions
Critical Reading
it is the thorough evaluation of claims stated in the text
Critical Reading
reading skill used in research writing
Definition Exemplification Description Chronology Listing Comparison & Contrast Classification & Division Cause & Effect Problem-Solution Persuasion
10 Patterns of Development
Patterns of Development
refers to the logical arrangement of ideas to easily follow ideas and understand text better
Patterns of Development
these help convey the meaning and purpose of text
Patterns of Development
this uses signal words to help us follow ideas & understand better
Patterns of Development
to help us distinguish between major and minor details it uses word markers
Definition
answers "what does it mean?"
Exemplification
expounds an idea by giving example/s
Description
gives details about the idea
Sensory Pattern Spatial Pattern
two types of description
Sensory Pattern
describes by using adjectives according to 5 senses
Spatial Pattern
describes using location or physical space
Chronology
organizes ideas according to time
By Narration By Process
two types of Chronology
By Narration
organizes ideas by sequence of events as it happen
By Process
organizes ideas through step by step procedure
Listing
organizes ideas or a series of items by enumeration
Comparison & Contrast
organize ideas according to similarities and differences of events’ places, people, things, and concepts
Classification & Division
organizes ideas according to categories
Cause & Effect
organizes ideas based on reason & consequences
Problem-Solution
organizes ideas into problems and proposed solution
Problem
can be discovered through the 4Ws and 1H
Solution
the step of implementation
Persuasion
emphasizes/drive a point, conclude, and summarize/to wrap up
Signal Words
Helps in identifying the pattern of development
Definition
explains the information through the use of illustrations, examples, and descriptions
Exemplification
presents the general statement and then provides specific and concrete examples to expound on the main idea
Separately Side-by-side
Two ways on arranging ideas based on their similarities and differences
Separately
compares items by describing one item first followed by the second item
Side-by-side
compares items by discussing both items based on each point of comparison
Cause & Effect
Organizes details based on the cause, the reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon
what who when where why how
the 4Ws and 1H
Persuasion
To show how a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument
Persuasion
This pattern presents the issue, the position, and the supporting evidence that supports the position
Understanding Locating Main Ideas Summarizing Paraphrasing Noting Details
Skills used when reading
Supporting details
sentences that validate the main idea
Skimming Locating main idea Scanning
types of rapid reading
Browsing
types of previewing
Summarizing Paraphrasing
types of literal reading
Logical Fallacies
it is when someone claims that their idea/s are correct because there are no sources to prove otherwise
Definition
(from which pattern of development) to illustrate
Definition
(from which pattern of development) refers to
Definition
(from which pattern of development) means
Definition
(from which pattern of development) is defined as
Exemplification
(from which pattern of development) for example
Exemplification
(from which pattern of development) in particular
Exemplification
(from which pattern of development) in other words
Exemplification
(from which pattern of development) to clarify
Description
(from which pattern of development) above
Description
(from which pattern of development) behind
Description
(from which pattern of development) onto
Description
(from which pattern of development) Opposite to
Description
(from which pattern of development) to the left
Description
(from which pattern of development) near
Chronology or Problem-Solution
(from which pattern of development) first
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) eventually
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) tomorrow
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) meanwhile
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) afterwards
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) next
Listing
(from which pattern of development) additionally
Listing
(from which pattern of development) and then
Listing
(from which pattern of development) in the same way
Listing
(from which pattern of development) consider the following
Exemplification or Persuasion
(from which pattern of development) in short
Chronology
(from which pattern of development) before
Comparison & Contrast
(from which pattern of development) likewise
Note
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