World War II

class notes

Who took over the Soviet Union

Joseph Stalin

What was the Great Purge, and who was being killed

Stalin, who was apart of the Soviet government, was telling people who were loyal to him, to kill people who were unloyal, although they were his people

Who became the Nazi Party’s fuehrer

Hitler

What does fuehrer mean

LEADER in germany

What did Hitler do when he became Chancellor

He established the Third Reich and left Leagues of Nations 

What is the THIRD REICH

the third empire, Hitler promised the German people the Third Mighty German Empire that would last 1000 years, which only lasted 12 years

What does Mein Kampf mean

My Struggle

Who led the Militarists in Japan

Hideki Tojo

Germany and Italy signed the ______ Pact

Rome-Berlin Axis

In 1935, Italy invaded _____ and had complete control by June of 1936

Ethiopia

In the fall of 1937, FDR made his __________

Quarantine Speech

Where was Hitler Born

Austria

What was the Gestapo

Secret Police

Explain The Beer Hall Putsch

One of Hitler’s first attempts to take over the German government, he and his troops stormed the hall with guns. He was arrested for treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, though he only served nine months.

What were the Nuremberg Laws

Anti-semitic laws - anti jew

What was the first place germany attacked

German troops took Austria

Pact that stated Hitler wanted to take over Czechoslovakia

Munich Pact

What does it mean when you let them get their way when they dont deserve it

Appeasement

On August 23rd, 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union signed a what and what did it mean

A nonaggression pact, they agreed not to fight one another

What was the last action that led to WWII

Germany attacked Poland

Germany used _______ tactics, and what was this

blitzkrieg - this was lightning war, the german warfare method they attacked with an overwhelming force

What was The Maginot Line

This was a fortified line on France’s eastern border

Who were apart of the Axis powers

Japan, Germany, and Italy

Were the Axis powers good or bad

bad

When did the war start

September 1st 1939

What did RAF stand for during the Battle of Britain

Royal Air Force and Radar

What was anti semitism

Anti jew

What is Genocide

Killing of a race

What were the Nuremberg Laws

Took away jews civil rights and property. The Star of David to be worn by any jew over 6 years old

Who were the people being sent to concentration camps

Jews, retarded, mentally ill, disabled, homosexuals, Gypsies, and the ill

How many Jews fled to the US

60,000

Who was the most famous jew that fled

Albert Einstein

Where was the largest concentration camp

Auschwitz

What happened to in the peacetime draft

16 million registered and 1 million drafted

August 1941 - ______ and_______ meet to establish the ________, which becomes the basis for the United Nations

Churchill, F.D.R , Atlantic Charter

When was the attack on pearl harbor/ when did the US get invloved

December 7th, 1941

How many people were killed during pearl harbor

2407

Who said this quote, “Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy…”

President Franklin Roosevelt

Which general was forced to surrender to the Japanese

General MacArthur

How many Filipinos and Americans had to surrender to the Japanese

70,000

Where was the largest American arm/force in American History that has been forced to surrender

in the Filipino Bataan Peninsula

How long was the death march

70 miles

How many troops died during the death march

8,000 troops

General MacArthur said what on october 1944

“I Shall Return“

What does this picture represent

General MacArthur was returning to the Peninsula

What does GI stand for

General or government issues

what does WAAC stand for, and what was it

women’s auxiliary army corps, it was women who were helping during the war, but not fighting

What did the OPA stand for and what did it do

Office of Price Admin - Froze prices on many goods. Income taxes were raised, and people were encouraged to buy war bonds.

What did the WPA stand for and what did it do

War Production Board - Decided which companies would change to wartime production. Also set up a rationing system for sugar, meats, coffee, fuel, rubber, etc…

What is this picture and what does it stand for

Rosie the Riveter - it shows that women are strong and they are a viable asset during the war

Who painted this and what does it mean

Norman Rockwell, this is the four freedoms picture- was trying to get people to buy war bonds, it represents freedom, a good wholesome American family,

What was the Allies #1 priority

to defeat Germany

What did the Allies want

unconditional surrender of the Axis powers

Who was fighting in the Battle of Stalingrad

Germans vs Russia

who won the battle of stalingrad, how many troops died?

91,000 German troops surrendered to the Soviets. The Soviets “won”, but in the process had a city that was in complete ruins and had lost nearly 1.3 million people defending the city

Who were the germans led by during the fight in Africa, and what was his nickname

General Erwin Rommel, the Desert Fox

During the fight in Italy where did the allies believe they neded to hit the axis powers

“in the soft underbelly”, or where they are weakest

What year did the attack, D-Day, begin?

1944

What was the military operation called for the liberation of europe

Operation overload

What was the goal of operation overload

focusing on striking the peninsula of Normandy

Where was the most famous site we invaded France(D-Day)

Omaha Beach

What year was V-E Day and what does it stand for

1945, victory in Europe

What was Americas tactic in Japan

Leapfrogging, or island hopping

What were the Kamikaze attacks

suicide mission- used by japanese- fly into buildings and troops

Why was Iwo Jima important

Important for possible US bombing raids on Japan

What does this picture represent

Mussolini is being controlled by hitler

Yalta “Big Three”, who is in this picture

Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin

What is this picture representing

raising the flag on Iwo Jima

After FDR passed away who took over?

Truman

where did FDR pass away

Warm Springs, Georgia

What was the last major battle of the war, what ocean

Battle of Okinawa - pacific ocean

What did the battle of Okinawa show us in terms of a future battle with Japan?

That there would have been a lot of casualties, thankfully no war happened

What was the name of the atomic program to build the first bomb

The Manhattan Project

What state did we blow up the first atomic weapon, and who was the name of the person who led this mission

Robert Oppenheimer in Los Alamos, New Mexico

What was the name of the plane that dropped the first bomb, and who was flying it

The Enola Gay was flown by Colonel Tibbets

What were the islands the bombs were dropped on

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Where was this photo taken and what is going on

Times square NY, they were happy that the war is going to be over

What was the trial called that were for the most powerful individuals within the Nazi party

Nuremberg War Trials

Over how many Nazis were found guilty of war crimes, how were these people put to death

Over 200 Nazis were found guilty of war crimes. Many were put to death by hanging

For how long was Japan occupied after the war was over

about 6 months

Who commanded the occupancy after the war

Douglas MacArthur

How many deaths did the US have

418,000

What country had the highest percentage killed, how many were killed

Poland, 5.6 million

what country had the most people killed, and how many

Soviet Union, 24 million people

What was the total death count, how many were civilians

approximately 60 million/45 million of which were civilian deaths 

How many people died in concentration camps

about 6 million

Who was Italy’s leader and who was the Soviet Unions leader

Mussolini and Stalin