Cell energy Voab

reactants

a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.

products

the substances that are formed by the chemical change

photosynthesis

process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

chloroplast

An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs

glucose

the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger.

cellular respiration

Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

aerobic

Process that requires oxygen

anaerobic

Process that does not require oxygen

fermentation

Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

glycolysis

the breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy and pyruvic acid.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

energy-carrying biological molecule, which, when broken down, drives cellular activities

mitochondria

An organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.

stoma/ stomata

microscopic pores on plant surfaces that control gas exchange (carbon dioxide in, oxygen and water vapor out)