Ethical and Practical Considerations in Maternal and Pediatric Mental Health

Flashcards covering key concepts in maternal and pediatric mental health, ethical considerations, implications of substance use, and various disorders and treatments.

What are the types of stigma associated with mental health issues?

Structural stigma, public stigma, self-stigma, and intervention stigma.

What is the definition of structural stigma?

Systemic barriers in healthcare and policy that disadvantage certain groups.

What are social determinants affecting health outcomes?

Factors like socioeconomic status, housing, and education.

What is informed consent?

Ensuring patients (and guardians) understand treatment risks and benefits.

What is the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) used for?

Assessing postpartum depression.

Which medications are generally considered safe for breastfeeding?

SSRIs, quetiapine, and benzodiazepines for short-term use.

What are the common disorders associated with maternal mental health?

Depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, OCD, PTSD, and psychosis.

What are the risk factors for postpartum psychosis?

Women with a history of bipolar disorder are at the highest risk.

What is the role of SBIRT in substance use screening?

It's a recommended approach to screen for substance use during the perinatal period.

What is the primary treatment for alcohol use during pregnancy?

Behavioral therapy focusing on harm reduction counseling.

What are two common assessment tools for pediatric depression?

PHQ-9 Teen and K-SADS.

What characterizes generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in children?

Excessive worry about various life events that is disproportionate.

What symptoms must be present for a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in children?

At least five symptoms lasting for a minimum of two weeks.

What is a common symptom of OCD?

Persistent intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

What is the definition of selective mutism?

A childhood anxiety disorder characterized by an inability to speak in social situations.

What are some risks associated with substance use during pregnancy?

Preterm birth, low birth weight, and developmental issues in children.

What treatment can be effective for pediatric OCD?

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) combined with SSRIs.

What are the criteria for bipolar disorder in children?

Mood swings and manic episodes.

What is the significance of mandatory reporting in healthcare?

Obligations to report suspected abuse or neglect.

What must be monitored when prescribing lithium during pregnancy?

Serum lithium levels and signs of toxicity in infants.

How is postpartum depression screened in clinical settings?

Using validated instruments like EPDS at least once during the perinatal period.

What should be done when discontinuing medications for mental health during pregnancy?

Gradual tapering to minimize withdrawal symptoms and prevent relapse.