Genetics Lab Final Exam Review | Quizlet import

What do we assume with Hardy Weinberg equation?

Always assume random mating

Gel electrophoresis...

separates DNA based on size and charge

What is micro evolution?

change in frequency of a gene in a population

What color does aleurone code for in corn genetics?

purple

What does the HaeIII enzyme do?

it's a restriction enzyme that cuts at the same location, resulting in blunt ends.

What is PCR and the three steps?

Polymerase chain reaction. Three steps are denaturation, extension, and annealing.

What equation involved Hardy Weinberg?

Genetic Equilibrium

What is genetic equilibrium?

the gene pool is not changing in frequency across generations; it remains constant

What is CRISPR?

gene editing tool; defense against viral attacks

what is a monohybrid cross?

individual or strain that is heterozygous for a singular gene

what is a dihybrid cross?

individual or strain that is heterozygous for multiple genes

What does the "Q" stand for in Hardy Weinberg equation?

homozygous recessive individuals

What does the "P" stand for in Hardy Weinberg equation?

homozygous dominant individuals

What are the assumptions of the Hardy Weinberg Theorem?

- large population size
- no migration
- no net mutations
- random mating
- no natural selection

What is the founder effect?

reduction in genetic variability when a small group is separated from a large group

What is the bottleneck effect?

population is reduced in size due to a natural disaster or habitat loss

What is intrasexual selection?

competition between same sex for mates

What is intersexual selection?

one sex is choosy when selecting a mate of the opposite sex

What is karyotyping?

ability to assess and study all chromosomes in a person for abnormalities

Which chromosome is the largest?

chromosome 1

Between X and Y, which chromosome is bigger?

X; Y is ALWAYS smallest

What are characteristics of Sickle Cell Anemia?

C-shaped cells, rigid and stiff, prone to clotting quickly, and have a lifespan of 15 days.

Which type is a tumor cell in a patient with BRCA1?

mutant type

What are the requirements for a successful PCR?

template DNA, primers, DNA nucleotides (dNTPs), and DNA taq polymerase

Round

Shape of starchy kernels

Wrinkled

Shape of sweet kernels

1=P²+2PQ+Q²

Hardy wineburg equation