fungi and microbes

Synapomorphies of fungi

absirbative heterotrophy

chintin in cell walls

multicellular fungi

fungal body: mycella

filaments: hyphae (main body mass)

Absorpotive nutrition

saprobes: dead organic matter

parasites: living hosts

mutualists: both partners benefit

fungi have a large surface volume ratio

adaptive for absibing nutrition

vulnerable toi desscation

stuck restericted to moist

Extereme enviroments

hypertonic

slime molds

Parastic fungi

hyphae invade the host

if sub (lethal) pathogen

predatoiry fungi

adaptiaomn to capture protists or animals

ex.) cordycep fungi

benefits of fungi

decomposotion, mulualism

ex.) lichen: cyanobacteria/fungus

ex.) mycoorihazia: plant mulualist

ex.) plant endocytes: leave +stem

sexual reproduction of fungi

no male/female

some have haplotinc life cyckle

some have dikarotik some have alternation of generaions

microbes

dominate history of life on earth

structued geochemical envrioment

led evolution of plants and animals

prokaryotes

single-celled organisms without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

domains of life

bacteria

archea

eukarya

Crenarcheota

euryarchaeota

a) extreme environments, like hot springs, volcanoes, and deep-sea hydrothermal vents.

b.) more diverse (halo, meth, thermo)

spirocetes (corkscrew)

gram negative,motile, chemoheterotrophic, pathogenic or parasitic

chlamydias (disshaped)

small parastici, gram negative, cocci, elementayr and recticular vbodies

High-GC Gram-positive bacteria (acientobacterai)

elaborate branched growht, antibiotics, pahtogenic

cyanobacteria

photoautotrophic, hollorphulla, n fixers, thylaokids, speixlaised cells

low GC gram positive baccilli

some gram negative, endospores, forms under poor conditions

Proterobacteria

large and diverse groups ( e. coli, somonella, rhizobium)

phytoplankton (marine)

diatoms 20 percent of total C fixation

founation fo raquatic food webs

inflfeucne of micorbia eukatryoes

phytoplankton are marine primary prodcuyers

endosymbiooants are common

pathogens

plasmodium

trypanosomes

dinoflagellates

malaria

chagas disease

red tide