Purposive Communication

First Exam

Communication

Communication

• Comes from the Latin word “communis”, which means “common”.

• The transmission of ideas and emotions between or among persons with the use of verbal and non-verbal cues.

Communication

• The “sine qua non” of knowledge.

• Transmission of Knowledge; synonym with power.

• Survival of human race

Elements of Communication

• Sender

• Message

• Channel

• Receiver

• Feedback

Sender

• The origin of communication

• The one who encodes the message; the source

Message

• An idea or concept that the sender has and would like to convey.

• Should be clear and understandable.

• Should be free from any doubt.

Channel

• The means of delivering the message.

• It can be a face-to-face conversation, a letter, a phone call, an email, or a social media site.

• Should transmit the message exactly/accurately.

Receiver

• The one who decodes the message

• Should be a good listener, accurately comprehends a message, and free from any emotional or psychological baggage.

Feedback

• The response of the receiver to the given message of the sender.

• Should be given on time.

Types of Communication

1. Intrapersonal Communication

2. Interpersonal Communication

3. Group Communication

4. Public Communication

5. Mass Communication

Intrapersonal Communication

• Communication that occurs in your own mind

• You are the sender and receiver of the communication process.

• The basis of your feelings, biases, prejudice, and your beliefs.

• i.e. self-talk, recall of memory, planning, and decision-making

Interpersonal Communication

• Communication between two people; sender and receiver.

• Can be done verbally and non-verbally

• i.e. teacher-student, doctor-patient, and manager-potential employee(interview)

Group Communication

• Composed of at least three individuals

• several individuals are the sources and recipients of the message

• A group interaction that results in decision making, problem solving, and discussion.

Public Communication

• It involves more individuals participating in the communication process.

• One-directional flow; no expected feedback

• i.e. a teacher and a class of students, a preacher and a congregation, and a speaker and an assembly of people in the auditorium.

Mass Communication

• The ELECTRONIC, DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY, and/or PRINT transmission of messages to the general public.

• Purposeful, for those remote and can’t be gathered in one place.

• i.e. radio, tv, newspapers, telephone, and the internet

Verbal Communication

• It employs the use of words or speech in sending and receiving messages.

• May be both written and oral

Written Communication

• The use of written signs and symbols

• Can be in a form of e-mail, letter, report, etc.

Oral Communication

• Can either be formal or informal

7 C’s of Communication

1. Completeness

2. Conciseness

3. Consideration

4. Clarity

5. Concreteness

6. Courtesy

7. Correctness

Completeness

All needed information and facts should be presented and explained in the written text.

Conciseness

• Must follow the K.I.S.S. (Keep it short and simple)

• Written message should be clear without any form of verbosity.

Consideration

Consider your target readers, take note of their situation that may play an important role in sending your message successfully.

Clarity

Your message should be organized.

Concreteness

• Aid you statement with unbiased supports.

• Provide research data, statistics, and figures.

Courtesy

• A writer should be polite.

• Keep your messages on point, avoid using offensive words, vulgar language, and foul expressions.

Correctness

• Make sure that all information written are based on facts.

• Inaccurate messages will put your credibility in question.

Elements of Verbal Communication

1. Variation in Speed

2. Volume

3. Intonation

4. Gestures

5. Emphasis

6. Rhythm

7. Pitch

8. Pausing & Phrasing

Variation in Speed

• The speed of the speaker affects the communication.

• Your speed should depend on the situation.

Volume

• Adjust the loudness of your voice depending to the number of people you are talking to and your distance.

• It has a big impact towards the words you’ll gonna say.

Intonation

The rising and falling of your voice

Gestures

• The use of body language in supporting verbal communication.

• Non-verbal ques that helps in facilitating and emphasizing communication.

Emphasis

The use of pause, proper volume, and right intensity when pointing out important ideas.

Rhythm

• The use of stressed and unstressed words in a sentence.

• The variation (strong & weak), duration and accent of sounds in your speech or the beat in your speech could facilitate effective communication.

Pitch

• The intensity of your voice will suggest the importance of the ideas you are transmitting.

• The highness or lowness of your voice.

Pausing and Phrasing

Pausing at certain points of your conversation is one of the ways to be an effective speaker.

Non-Verbal Communication

An interaction using non-spoken language.

Types of Non-Verbal Communication

1. Kinesics

2. Haptics

3. Vocalics

4. Proxemics

5. Personal Presentation and Environment

Types of Proxemics

• Intimate Space

• Personal Space

• Social Space

• Public Space

Kinesics

• It refers to the use of body movement in communication.

• It includes gestures, eye contact, and facial expressions.

Haptics

• It refers to the use of touch to convey meaning in conversation.

• i.e. hugs, kiss, taps on shoulder, etc.

Vocalics

• It refers to the tone, speed, and volume of a speaker’s voice.

• i.e. sighs or gasps

Proxemics

It refers to the space or distance and its role in the communication process.

Intimate Space

A space we share with our loved ones and close friends.

Personal Space

A space we share with our friends and acquaintances.

Social Space

A space we share with people we are with in social events and gatherings.

Public Space

A space we share with people when we are in public spaces such as market, streets, airport, etc.