Music History 1 Q2

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46 Terms

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Renaissance period dates
1400-1600
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How was the new international style created
Composers from Northern Europe working in Italy
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New rules were made for what device
Counterpoint
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Predominant textures
Imitative counterpoint
Homophony
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Generated changes in music for Protestant and Catholic Churches
Reformation
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Chiaroscuro
The balance between light and dark
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humanism
the cultural movement of the Renaissance; one’s own experiences became important as well as the church
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Characteristic of new music
Expansion of range
Clarity of music structure (cadences)
Single tonal center
Personal style
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Patronage
Getting paid for compositions
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Text painting
Sing as the word you’re saying
“Sigh movement while singing “sigh”
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Martin Luther
1483-1546
Germany
95 theses
Created New Evangelical/Lutheran
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Lutheran Church Music
Lutheran Chorale
Most important
Strophic
Acapella
Unison
Metered
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Calvinist Church Music
Metrical Psalms
Metered
Strophic
Biblical text
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Anthems
English equivalent of motets
Acapella
Polyphonic
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William Byrd
1540-1623
Most influential English composer of the renaissance
Sing joyfully unto God 1580
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Counter reformation
Catholics respond to the reformation
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Council of Trent
In Italy during the counter reformation
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Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina
1525-1594
Saved polyphony from the council of Trent
O magnum Mysterium 1569
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Franco-Flemish Composers
OGS:
Johannesburg Ockeghem
Antoine Busnoys
Lots of masses, chansons, motets
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Jacob Obrecht
1457-1505
Composed many songs in Dutch
Clear candences and tonal center
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Henricus Isaac
1450-1517
Composed for Lorenzo de Medici in Florence
Homophonic
Lieder
Innsbruck ich muss rich Kassebaum 1485
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Josquin des Prez
1450-1521
Lots of money
“ Master of notes“
Motets
Clear form and phrases
Careful declamation of text
Ave Maria
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Josquin was first composer to
Use music to depict the meaning of the text
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Ars Nova
Means new art
New rhythm
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Isorhythm
Equal rhythm,
identical, in segments
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Hocket
Two voices alternate in rapid succession
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Guillame de Machaut
1300-1377
Importantly medieval composer
Leading composer of the French Ars nova
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Italian Trecento music
Refers to music in 1300’s
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Squarcialupi codex
1410
Election of secular songs
354
Pretty
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Caccia
Round
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Francesco Landini
1325-1397
Important
Used a lot of 3rds and 5ths
Pretty music
Non avra ma ports 1350
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Landini Cadence
Francesco Landini
Ti, la, do
Under 3rd cadence
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Polyphony
Voices sing together in independent parts
Started as decoration
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Free organum
Top moves note against note
Chant in bottom voice
Variety of intervals
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Florid organum
Top moves freely
Voices don’t move together
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Aquitanian polyphony
Settings of chant had 2 styles: distant and florid organum
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Discant
Move at same rate
Top moves more
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Early motets based on
Discant and sing during religious events
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Style of English polyphony
Rota
Rondellus
Voice exchange
Imperfect consonance
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Norte dame polyphony
More ornate style of polyphony and contained more than 2 voices
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Non avra ma pieta
1350
Francesco Landini 1325-1397
Salient ft: 3rds, 6ths
Landini cadence
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Innsbruck ich muss ditch lassen
1485
Henricus Isaac 1450-1517
Salient ft: lieder, German
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Ave Maria…Virgo Serena
1485
Josquin de prez 1450-1521
Salient ft: thin texture, Latin text
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Sing Joyfully unto God
1580
William Byrd 1540-1623
Salient ft: 6 voices, text painting, acapella
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O magnum mysterium
1569
Palestrina 1525-1594
Salient ft: 6 voices, metric
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Sumer is cumen in
ca 1260
Anonymous
Salient ft: English polyphony, imitative polyphony