HBS Unit 1 Review

anterior/posterior

front side of the body; backside of the body

inferior/superior

away from the head/lower; closer to the head/higher

medial/lateral

toward the middle/center; to the side/away from the middle

distal/proximal

further away from the point of attachment; closer to the point of attachment

superficial/deep

on the surface/shallow; closer to the interior center of the body

ventral/dorsal

abdomen side; spinal side

abdominal

the region encompassing the abdominal muscles

antecubital

of or relating to the region of the arm in front of the elbow

axillary

armpit area/region

brachial

upper arm

buccal

of or relating to or toward the cheek

calcaneal

relating to the heel bone or heel

carpal

of or relating to the wrist

cephalic

the head or skull

cervical

uppermost region of the spine

coxal

referring to the hip region

digital

region encompassing the toes/fingers

femoral

of or relating to or near the femur or thigh, typically towards the top

gluteal

the region or area of the gluteus muscles

inguinal

of or relating to the area near the groin

lumbar

the part of the spinal cord/back between the ribs and the hipbones (5 vertebrae)

nasal

the area/region relating to the nose (or nasal cavity)

occipital

the region at the base of the skull

olecranal

the region on the back of the elbow

oral

the area of the mouth/oral cavity

orbital

the region of the eye/around the eye

patellar

near or relating to the patella or kneecap

pelvic

of or relating to the pelvis

popliteal

of or relating to the area behind the knee joint

sacral

the region of the spinal cord/back that is directly after the lumbar region

scapular

the region around what is know as the shoulder blade

sternal

of or relating to or near the sternum

tarsal

the ankle region

thoracic

the region directly above the lumbar region; middle of the back (12 vertebrae)

umbilical

the abdominal region around the belly button

vertebral

referring to the whole spinal cord/back

epithelial

Function: protection, absorption/secretion, sensation
Location: skin, outer surfaces of organs and blood vessels, inner surfaces of internal organs

connective

Function: support/structure, protection, transport
Location: between tissues throughout the body, found in *tendons and ligaments*, bones
*Tendon - muscle to bone; Ligament - bone to bone

muscle

Function: contracts and relaxes to move different body parts
Location: walls of veins, arteries, and intestines (smooth); heart (cardiac); on bones (skeletal)

nervous

Function: coordinates and controls the body's many functions
Location: brain, spinal cord, nerves

mandible

the jaw bone

maxilla

bone around the nasal cavity ("top jaw bone")

zygomatic process

the cheek boone

frontal bone

the bone that makes up the forehead

temporal bone

the skull bone by the ear (where the mandible connects with temporalis)

occipital bone

base of the skull/back of the head

parietal bone

top of the head

orbicularis oculi

opens and closes eyelids

orbicularis oris

pushes and pulls lips

temporalis

opens and closes the mandible (jaw)

appendicular

arms (scapula and out), and legs (pelvis and down)

axial

skull, ribcage, and vertebral column