all tudors dates

7 November 1558

Death of Mary I and accession of Elizabeth I. Mary’s councillors accept Elizabeth’s succession and nine travel to pledge loyalty.

April 1559

Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis. Calais remains French for eight years, or England receives a fine of 500,000 crowns.

1559

William Cecil appointed Principal Secretary.

June 1559

Death of Henry II of France; Francis II becomes king, married to Mary Queen of Scots.

December 1559

English navy sent to Firth of Forth to prevent French reinforcements reaching Scotland.

1559

Act of Supremacy passed, restoring royal supremacy over the Church.

1559

Act of Uniformity establishes Protestant worship practices.

1559

Royal Injunctions issued to enforce religious settlement.

February 1560

Treaty of Berwick, England agrees conditional support for Scottish Lords of the Congregation.

March 1560

English army sent to Scotland to support Protestant lords; siege of Leith begins.

July 1560

Treaty of Edinburgh ends conflict in Scotland; French troops withdraw.

December 1560

Death of Francis II of France; Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland.

1560

Elizabeth proclaimed Supreme Governor of the Church of Ireland.

March 1562

English intervention in French Wars of Religion begins; Elizabeth sends 6,000 troops and £30,000 to Huguenots in exchange for Le Havre.

October 1562

Elizabeth contracts smallpox, sparking fears of a succession crisis.

1562

First John Hawkins slave trading expedition to Africa and the Americas.

1563

Convocation of Canterbury fails to further Church reform.

1563

Religious outlook appears broadly positive.

1563

Act for the Relief of the Poor passed.

1563

Parliament pressures Elizabeth to marry.

1563

John Jewel publishes An Apology of the Church of England.

1563

Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion drafted.

1563

Plague outbreak affects parliamentary session.

1564

Second Hawkins expedition, backed by the Queen and courtiers.

1564

Treaty of Troyes ends war with France; England loses Le Havre and future claim to Calais.

March 1566

Archbishop Parker and five bishops issue the Advertisements enforcing clerical dress rules.

1566

Parliament renews pressure on Elizabeth to marry.

1566

Elizabeth banishes Leicester and the Earl of Pembroke from court.

9 November 1569

Northern Rebellion begins, led by Earls of Northumberland and Westmorland.

4 December 1569

Rebels seize Barnard Castle.

1569

First southern Irish rebellion begins.

Early 1570

Cumberland rising takes place.

1570

Northern Rebellion ends.

1572

Act for the Relief of the Poor introduces compulsory local rates.

1572

Council of the North reconstituted to strengthen royal control.

1572

Branding added to punishments for vagrancy.

1572

Last hereditary dukedom created; Elizabeth appoints no more.

1573

End of first southern Irish rebellion.

1576

Poor Law Act introduces national system of poor relief.

1577

William Harrison publishes Description of England, noting improved rural living standards.

1579

Francois, Duke of Anjou, proposed as a marriage candidate, sparking controversy.

1579

Second Irish Rebellion begins, linked to Spanish involvement.

1579

Eastland Company established to trade in the Baltic.

1581

Levant Company (initially Turkish Company) founded.

1584

Richard Hakluyt presents book promoting colonisation to Elizabeth.

1585

Elizabeth refuses royal assent to 15 bills.

1585

Walter Raleigh receives patent to colonise Virginia; first Roanoke expedition launched.

1593

Parliamentary opposition grows to punitive religious legislation; Peter Wentworth imprisoned for naming a successor.

August 1595

English defeated at the Battle of Yellow Ford; Tyrone Rebellion begins in Ulster.

1596

Armada includes Irish contingent but fails.