OralComm Lesson 6 - Types of Communicative Stratregy

Competence

• knowledgeable

• skillful

3 major areas of Communicative Competence

• Grammatical Competence

• Sociolinguistic Competence

• Strategic Competence

Communicative Competence

ability to use language to communicate successfully

Grammatical Competence

• ability to understand and express meaning by producing and recognizing well-formed phrases and sentences

• includes knowledge of phonology, orthography, vocabulary, word formation, and sentence formation

Sociolinguistic Competence

• ability to communicate appropriately by using the right words, expressions, and attitude

• knowing and understanding how to speak given the circumstances

Strategic Competence

• refers to the ability to overcome difficulties when communication breakdowns occur

• the ability to organize a message effectively by applying appropriate techniques

• plans and assess the effectiveness of communication

Communicative Strategies

• Turn-taking

• Nomination

• Restriction

• Topic Control

• Topic Shifting

• Repair

• Termination

Turn-taking

• taking turns, occurs in a conversation when one person listen while the other one speaks

• the roles of listener and speaker move back and forth

Nomination

• suggesting, speaker carries collaboratively and productively establish a topic

• presenting a particular topic clearly, truthfully

Restriction

• limit, constrains or restricts the response of the other person involved in the communication situation

• refers to any limitation you may have as a speaker

• the listener is forced to respond only within a set of categories that are made by the speaker

• Participants are limited in what, when, and how can they speak

Topic Control

• question and answer formula that moves the discussion forward

• topic is initiated, it should be collectively developed by avoiding unnecessary interruptions and topic shifts

• you can make yourself actively involved in the conversation without overly dominating

Topic Shifting

• introducing another topic

• one person in the discussion manages to subtly change the topic

Repair

• the ability to persist in communication and to modify, repeat, or revise a symbol when the initial communication attempt failed

• refers to how speakers address the problems in speaking, listening, and comprehending

Repeating

good way of repairing

Recasting

change the form of the message

Termination

• ending the interaction through verbal/nonverbal messages that both speaker and listener send to each other

• quick and short

• topic initiator takes responsibility to signal end of the discussion as well