Hemo- Bone Marrow and Anemia Intro

Where is bone marrow aspirate/biopsy taken from in adults?

The iliac crest

The bone marrow core is placed in a jar of…

formalin

For a bone marrow aspirate you count …. nucleated cells. This is different because in normal peripheral slides you count 300-500 nucleated cells

500-1000

From the aspirate smear you determine the myeloid: erythroid ratio (M:E). What is is normally?

2:1 to 4:1

From core biopsy you look at the:

cellularity, M:E ratio, and Iron content

All are major categories of anemias except

Traumas

Blood loss has 2 categories:

acute and chronic

Acute blood loss is associated with

Trauma

How many phases of acute blood loss?

3

In phase 1 (immediate) of acute blood loss, Hgb and Hct are

normal

Hgb and Hct are normal in immediate phase of acute blood loss due to a … shift

fluid

In phase 2 (delayed) of acute blood loss, the plasma fluid is given with IV support and the Hgb and Hct will be…

Decreased

What are the characterizations of acute blood loss anemia?

Normochromic and normocytic

In phase 3 (regenerative) of acute blood loss, the BM is responding to the anemia and … is apparent within 24 hours

Reticulocytis

Chronic Blood loss is associated with disorders of the

GI tract

In chronic blood loss, the body compensates for anemia until storage iron is depleted, resulting in

Iron deficiency

What are the characterizations of chronic blood loss anemia intially?

Normochromic and normocytic initially

What are the characterizations of chronic blood loos anemia eventually?

Hypochromic and microcytic (as iron is depleted)

In chronic blood loss because the body is losing RBCs instead of whole blood, the Hgb and Hct are…

decreased