Korean Architecture Review

Flashcards about Korean Architecture

Pit Houses

Simple and utilitarian dwellings, circular or oval, from Neolithic and Bronze Age Korea.

Gojoseon

First Korean kingdom; Dangun Wanggeom; marked the beginning of Korean identity.

Hwando and Gungnae Jangcheon tombs

Fortified structures, strong military and strategic focus during the Goguryeo period.

Baekje

Graceful, refined styles, blending both Korean and Chinese influences; first to introduce pagodas.

Silla

Influenced by Buddhism, known for stone pagodas like Dabotap and Seokgatap.

Seokguram Grotto

Finest example of Buddhist architectural artistry; houses large Buddha statue.

Unified Silla Architecture

Ritualistic spaces, temples, and pagodas; Wanggung Palace adhering to feng shui.

Goryeo Dynasty Architecture

Blending Buddhism, Confucianism, and traditional Korean methods; Haeinsa showcases bracket system.

Joseon Dynasty Architecture

Confucian-inspired architecture; simplicity, order, and functionality; Gyeongbokgung and Changdeokgung.

Hanok

Traditional Korean house; iconic residential style representing Korean values.

Ondol

Warms through heat circulation from a kitchen fireplace.

Maru

Cooling space in summer in traditional Korean houses.

Sarangchae

Men’s quarter in a Hanok.

Anchae

Women’s quarter in a Hanok.

Pungsu-Jiri

Ensuring harmony with the surrounding environment; tied to geometric principles.

Giwa

Curved tiled roofs with elevated eaves.

Choga (Thatched Roofs)

Roofs made of thatch, commonly used by commoners.

Dancheong

Multi-colored patterns painted on wood buildings to protect from weathering and pests.

Gongpo

Intricate wooden bracket arms.

Hanji

Sliding doors and paper windows made of mulberry paper.

Confucian Academies/Seowon

Simplicity, education, and rituals; represents Korea’s shift toward Confucian values.

Gyeongbokgung Palace

Main royal palace of the Joseon Kings.

Bulguksa Temple

Masterpiece of Buddhist architecture, famous for Seokgatap and Dabotap pagodas.

Seokguram Grotto

Artificial cave shrine.

Hanok Villages

Mostly Joseon-era houses; living museums of traditional Korean life.

Hwaseong Fortress

combining eastern philosophy with western military engineering techniques.

Changdeokgung Palace

famous for Huwan (secret garden); asymmetrical

Dosan Seowon

Confucian academy founded by the followers of Yi Hwang

Hierarchy and Zoning

strict separation in palaces, houses, and cities

Axial Symmetry

Main halls placed on the central axis; Universal balance and righteous governance

Functionality Simplicity

Purpose and avoidance of unnecessary luxury

Integration with nature

Respect for naturally surrounding

Ceremonial architecture

ritual spaces to perform Confucian ancestral rites

Urban planning

Hanseong (seoul) were constructed around Confucian Ideals

Roof design

Upward sweep of the eaves

Baekje

reflecting the kingdoms aesthetic

Dabotap Pagoda

Unique and ornate multi-tiered stone pagoda

Seoul City Hall

green roof and solar panels

National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art

stone, timber, eco-friendly finishes

Seoulla 7017 Skygarden

former highway transformed into linear park

Songdo International Business District

smart cities with sustainable infrastructure

Ewha Womans University Campus Complex

built partially underground to reduce heat gain

Dongdaemun Design Plaza

lightweight steel structures