BMS Exam One

Keratinized _________ epithelium is found on th3 palms of the hand, as a tough waterproof barrier for wear and tear.

stratified squamous

The very first step in the wound healing process is _____, where the loss of blood is prevented by platelet aggregation.

homeostasis

_____ of mRNA protects the transcript from degradation by exonucleases and serves as a crucial binding site for ribosomes to initiate protein synthesis.

5’ capping

Squamous cell carcinoma would arise by mutations to cells in the

stratum spinosum

The papillary layer of the dermis contains immune cells because it is composed of ______ connective tissue

areolar

What can increase risk of osteoporosis?

Vitamin D deficincy

During reabsorption of bone remodeling what breaks down bone by releasing acids from lysosomes?

osteoclasts

The presence of a single peptide in a protein sequence indicates that it will forst be processed in the rough ER du to

co-translational translocation

______ is a unique metabolic pathway where fatty acids are broken down in the mitochondrial matrix into aceytl-CoA

beta oxidation

____ is the active form of Vitamin in D and it is synthesized by ____ which is part of the urinary system

Calcitriol, Kidney

After a day on the beach you find your skin is experiencing redness but no blisters. It is likely that you are experiencing ___ degree burn where only the ___ has been effected

first, epidermis

An RQ value of 0.7 likely indicates

using fats to make ATP

Cells are coupled metabolically and electrically by

gap junctions

Mutations in ____ will affect vesicle transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi apparatus

COP II

In the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, misfolded proteins are _____ and tagged for degradation

ubiquitinated

As melanomas move toward the periphery of melanocytes, they are carried by

kinesin on microtubules

Storage of energy, insulation from physical trauma and cold are functions of what connective tissue?

adipose tissue

Cells are anchored to the extracellular matrix by ___ and sealed to each other at the apical surface by ____

anchoring junctions, tight junctions

The R groups that are in transmembrane proteins are most likely ___ because of the hydrophobic nature of the phospholipid tails

non-polar

A quick burst of activity that lasts for three secodnd will most likely use ___ for ATP

creatine phosphate

According to the central dogma, ___ is generated from translation.

protein

What bone growth is the cartilage in the epiphyseal plate replaced with bone tissue via endochondral ossification?

longitudinal growth

Sense of pain is detected by

free nerve endings

____ bones act as levers when you walk and ___bones offer support as you stand

long, short

Ice floats on water because it is _____ dense than liquid water. The rigid, lattice-like structure formed by hydrogen bonds when freezing spaces molecules ____ apart then in liquid form

less, farther

____ bonds are responsible for the primary structure of proteins

peptide