41-46 Earth's Atmosphere and Global Wind Patterns

APES 2024

Where do humans live

Where do humans live

Troposphere

The Troposphere has

The most clouds and 99% of water vapor

What happens in the troposphere

Pressure and temperature decreases as you go up where weather occurs

Stratosphere

Ozone layer location, temperatures increases and pressure decreases

Mesosphere

Pressure and temperature drops

Ionosphere

Part of the mesosphere and thermosphere where the sun has knocked electrons loose from atoms and molecules

Thermosphere

Absorbs UV and x-rays from the sun, temperatures increase and pressure decreases

Exosphere

No clear boundary into space, pressure decreases

Saturation point

The maximum amount of water vapor in the air at a given temperature

Adiabatic cooling

The cooling effect of reduced pressure on air as it rises higher in the atmosphere and expands

Adiabatic heating

The heating effect of increased pressure on air as it sinks toward the surface of Earth and decreases in volume

Latent heat release

The release of energy when water vapor in teh atmosphere condenses into liquid water

Hadley cell

A convection current in the atmosphere that cycles between the equator, 30 N & 30 S

Intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)

The latitude that recieves the most intense sunlight which causes the increase of branches of the 2 hadley cells to converge, area has dense clouds and thunderstorms

Ferrell cell

A convection current in the atmosphere that lies between hadley cells and polar cells, 30 N to 60 N & 30 S to 60 S

Polar cell

A convection current in the atmosphere formed by air that rises at 60 N & 60 S, sinks at the poles, 90 N & 90 S

Hadley cells cause

Deserts at 30 N and 30 S