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Cable Tray

Unit of assembly of units or sections and associated fittings forming a rigid structural system used to support cables

Lighting Rod

Protect a structure from a direct lightning strike

Refraction

Change in the direction of waves or the bending of the path of the waves

Absorption

Occurs when a light/sound passes through a transparent medium or meets a dense body such as an opaque reflector surface.

Reverberation

It is the persistence of sound in an enclosed space resulting from repeated reflection or scattering of sound.

Diffusion

The breaking up of light and the spreading of its rays in many directions by reflection and refraction

Diffusion

The reflection of sound off a convex or uneven surface or the process of spreading radiated energy so that it is less direct or coherent.

Decibel

measure of sound intensity

Hertz

the unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second

Phons

Measure of loudness

Backpressure

A pressure within the sanitary drainage system or vent piping system that is greater than atmospheric pressure (>14.7 psi).

Backflow

The flow of water or wastewater in pipes in a reverse direction from that normally intended

Flow pressure

The pressure in the water supply pipe near the faucet or water outlet while the faucet or water outlet is wide open and flowing

75mm

What is the code-prescribed minimum drain pipe size of a water closet

Service lateral

Underground service conductors between the street main, and the first point of connection to the service entrance conductors in a terminal box

Service raceway

Raceways that encloses the service-entrance conductors

Electrical metallic conduit (EMC)

Metal pipe into which electrical conductors may be drawn; it has a wall section thinner than a rigid metal conduit and is used for both exposed and concealed work

Surface metal raceway

Raceway consisting of an assembly of metal backing and capping

Cellular metal raceway

Hollow spaces of cellular metal floors together with suitable fittings which may be approved as an enclosure for electrical conductors

Intermediate metal conduit

A metal raceway of circular cross-section with integral or associated couplings, connectors, and fittings approved for the installation of electrical conductors

Shielded Non-metallic Sheathed Cable (Type SNM)

A factory assembly of two or more insulated conductors in an extruded core of moisture-resistant, flame-resistant nonmetallic material, covered with an overlapping spiral metal tape and wire shield, and jacketed with an extruded nonmetallic material resistant to moisture, flame, oil, corrosion, fungal growth, and sunlight.

Mineral Insulated, Metal Sheathed Cable (Type MI)

A factory assembly of one or more conductors insulated with a highly-compressed refractory mineral and enclosed in a liquid-tight and gas-tight continuous copper or alloy steel sheath.

Armored Cable (Type AC)

A fabricated assembly of insulated conductors in a flexible metal enclosure.

Metal Clad Cable (Type MC)

A factory assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in metallic sheath of interlocking metal tape, or a smooth corrugated metallic tube.

Shaft or Hoistway

Vertical passageway for the car and counterweight

Elevator Pit

That portion of the hoistway that extends below the level of the bottom landing or floor to provide for overtravel and clearance for parts which require space below the bottom of the car travel.

Impedance

Opposition to AC current by a combination of resistance and reactance; measured in Ohms

Resistance

Opposes direct current, or DC

Reactance

Opposes AC due to capacitors and inductors

Admittance

The reciprocal of impedance; measure of how easily alternating current (AC) flows through a circuit; measured in siemens (S)

Cleanout

A device or appurtenance provided with a cap or plug

Manhole

An opening constructed in any part of the plumbing system, of sufficient size for a person to gain access thereto

Handhole

a type of manhole, an access opening, provided in equipment in connection with underground lines;for utility inspection and repair.

Stub-out

Pipe extension for future fixture connection; installed inside the wall and through the rebar.

Riser/Upfeed pipe

A water supply pipe that extends vertically to fixture branches or groups of fixtures

Downspout

The vertical portion of a rainwater conductor

Water Main → Water Service Pipe → Building Supply Pipe → Riser or Upfeed Pipe → Downfeed Pipe → Branch or Lateral → Fixture Branch → Fixture Supply → Valve

The water supply system

Transverse Wave

A moving wave that consists of oscillations occurring perpendicular (or right-angled) to the direction of energy transfer

Flow Rate

The volume of water used by a plumbing fixture in a given amount of time. Usually expressed in gallons per minute (gpm)

Ballast

Dense material used as a weight to provide stability to a vehicle or structure

Buffer

Device designed to stop a descending car or counterweight beyond its normal limit of travel by absorbing and dissipating the kinetic energy of the car or counterweight

Amperes

Unit of electric current

Watts

Unit for power

Volts

Unit for voltage (the "pressure" that pushes electricity.)

Farad

unit of capacitance (or the ability of a circuit to collect and store energy in the form of an electrical charge

1%

The minimum recommended slope percentage for horizontal excreted drainage pipes having a size of MORE THAN 102 mm

Grounded Conductor

A system or circuit conductor that is intentionally grounded

Conductor

A substance that has free electrons or other charge carriers which permit charge flow when an emf (electromotive force) is applied across the substance

Building Drain

That part of the lowest horizontal piping of a plumbing system which receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside a building and conveys it to the building sewer/house sewer

Building Storm Drain

Part of the piping of a stormwater drainage system that begins at the connection to the building drain at a point 5 feet outside the established line of the building or structure, and that conveys stormwater to the approved point of disposal

Shielded Cable

A cable enclosed within a metallic sheath in order to reduce the effects of external electric or magnetic fields

Electrical conduit

A tube, pipe, or duct enclosing and protecting electrical wires or cable

Focusing

Is used to obtain an acoustic image in ultrasonic viewers, in the ultrasonic microscope, and in systems for acoustic holography.

Attenuation

To reduce the level (volume, loudness, energy) of an acoustical (or electrical) signal.

Amplification

The process of increasing the amplitude (or loudness) of an audio signal.

Integrated Gas Spacer Cable

Factory assembly of one or more conductors, each individually insulated and enclosed in a loose-fit nonmetallic flexible conduit as an integrated gas spacer cable rated at 0-600 volts

Messenger Supported Wiring

Exposed support system using a messenger wire to support insulated conductors

Medium Voltage Cable

A single or multi-conductor solid dielectric cable rated at 2001 volts or higher

Bumper

A device other than a buffer for stopping a descending car or counterweight beyond its bottom terminal by absorbing the impact.

Plunger

Is used to remove contaminants from productive natural gas wells, such as water, sand, oil, and wax.

Cooling tower

A structure usually located on the roof of a building over which water is circulated so as to cool it evaporatively in contact with air.

Branch Vent

A vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent.

A Loop Vent

Employed where two or more fixture traps are installed on a horizontal soil or waste branch.

Stack Vent

Dry Vent

A vent pipe that is used to provide a path for air to enter the plumbing drainage system.)

Stack Vent

A part of the vent stack that must be extended vertically upwards and terminated at the vent stack through roof through _______

Main Vent/Vent Stack

A vertical vent pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to or from any part of the building drainage system

Fixture Branch

A drain serving two or more fixtures that discharge to another drain or to a stack

Branch Drain

That part of the lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge from soil, waste, and other drainage pipes inside.

Branch Interval is a vertical length of soil or waste stack at least ___________

8ft

Parallel Circuit

When two or more electrical devices are connected so that each one offers a separate path for the flow of current between the two points

Series Circuit

When all parts of the circuit are electrically connected end-to-end)

Open Circuit

When its conducting elements are disconnected in such a manner as to prevent the flow of electricity

Waste Stack

A vertical pipe which conveys only wastewater or liquid waste free from fecal matter

Soil Pipe

Pipe that conveys the discharge of water closets or similar fixtures containing fecal matter, with or without the discharge of other fixtures to the building drain or building sewer.

Soil Stack

A vertical pipe which conveys the discharge of water closet, urinal, or fixtures having a similar function, with or without the discharges from other fixtures to the building drain or building sewer.

Thermoplastic Heat and Water-resistant Nylon-coated.

The trade name for the type letter THWN insulated conductor is

Convection

Heat transmission, either natural or forced (fan or blower); The transfer of heat by motion of the particles of the heated substance.

Radiation

Transmitting rays of heat through the air

Conduction

Transfer of heat from one place of higher temperature to a place of lower temperature

Luminaire

Complete lighting unit consisting of a lamp or lamps together

Luminous Flux

The total amount of light; It represents the overall light output.; The time rate of flow of light.

Lumen

The unit of luminous flux

Luminance

The brightness of a surface; Luminous intensity of a surface

Illuminance

Luminous efficacy

The ratio of lumens produced by a lamp and the amount of power used to generate lumens

Luminous Efficiency

The ratio of luminous flux (lumen) emitted by a luminaire to the total flux emitted by the lamp in the luminaire

Luminescence

The ratio of how much visible light (luminous flux) is emitted by a light source relative to the amount of radiant flux at a specific wavelength; The emission of light by a substance that has not been heated.

Luminosity

Total amount of light

Candela

The unit of luminous intensity

water supply and distribution system

In a building, it consists of water service pipe, building supply pipes and the essential branch pipes, valves and all other appurtenances for the supply of water.

Zonal Cavity Method

Used in lighting design to calculate the illumination levels in a space.

Unitary Room

A type of air-conditioning system where a self-contained unit houses all the necessary air-conditioning components

Rectifier

A device that converts alternating current (ac) to direct current (dc).

Aeration

This process can improve the taste and color of water, remove iron and manganese and decrease in corrosiveness.

Electrolysis

A process by which an electric current breaks chemical bonds.

Piezoelectricity

Electricity produced by certain crystals such as quartz and Rochelle salts resulting from the application of mechanical stress or pressure; squeezing or pressing materials

Triboelectricity

Electric charge generated by friction/rubbing/contact

Union patente

Fitting used to describe the connection of the service pipe and water meter.

Street elbow

A fitting used to change the direction of a pipe, typically by 90