pharm final exam

The nurse is caring for a patient who has experienced head trauma in a motor vehicle accident. The patient is having excessive output of dilute urine. The nurse will notify the provider and anticipate ordering which med?

Vasopressin

A patient who takes the oral antidiabetic metformin will begin taking levothyroxine. The nurse will teach this patient to monitor for:

Hyperglycemia

A patient has hypocalcemia caused by parathyroid hormone deficiency. Which medication will the nurse anticipate giving to this patient?

Calcitriol

What type of diabetes is the most common?

Type 2

A patient develops type 2 diabetes. The nurse explains that this type of diabetes:

is often related to heredity and obesity

How do you administer insulin in a patient with very little body fat?

Subcutaneously with the needle at a 45-60 degree angle

Which of the following is a rapid acting insulin?

Insulin Lispro

A patient was administered regular insulin 30 min ago, but has not received a breakfast tray. The patient is experiencing nervousness and tremors. What is the nurse's first action?

Give the patient orange juice

The nurse is caring for a woman who is experiencing premature labor. The provider has ordered IV terbutaline. The nurse will explain this medication will:

decrease uterine contractions

Why do you need to take acetaminophen instead of ibuprofen when you’re pregnant?

It will affect the fetus

Why is ophthalmic ointment given to an infant

To prevent infection

A woman comes to the clinic for a Depo-Provera injection. The nurse reviews her medical record and notes that is has been 100 days since her last injection. What action will the nurse preform?

Perform a pregnancy test

What is the purpose of clomiphene citrate

Induce ovulation for fertility

A 50 year old male patient reports having a decrease libido and testicular atrophy. The nurse will anticipate that the provider may order which medication to treat these symptoms?

testosterone

What is the treatment for gonorrhea?

IM ceftriaxone and oral azithromycin are prescribed

A patient in the ED is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. The nurse assesses a heart rate of 98 BPM, a bilateral lung crackle, and an oxygen saturation of 93%. What will the nurse expect to administer initially to this patient?

Oxygen

An unconscious patient is brought to the ED and intubated after respiratory arrest. The patient has a regular pulse. The patient's spouse suspects an overdose of drugs but does not know which drug may have been taken. The nurse will anticipate giving which medication or performing which treatment?

Naloxone

A patient is brought to the ED with severe wheezing, dyspnea, and peripheral edema. The nurse assesses a respiratory rate of 30 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 88 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 88/54 mm Hg. Which medication does the nurse expect to be given initially?

Epinephrine

The nurse is teaching a patient who is newly diagnosed with T1DM. which statement indicates a need for further teaching?

I will not be concerned about a raised knot under my skin from injecting insulin

The nurse will administer a combination insulin of NPH and regular Humulin R. The nurse will give this medication via which route?

Subcutaneously

A patient is ordered to receive insulin lispro at mealtime. The nurse will instruct this patient to administer the medication at which time?

10-15 mins before eating

How should insulin be stored?

Some insulin products do not require refrigeration during use

A patient who is unconscious has a pulse and is brought to the ED. The patient is wearing a medic alert bracelet indicating type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse will anticipate an order to administer

Glucagon

A patent who has T2 asks why their med changed from oral anti-diabetic tolbutamide to glipizide. The nurse will explain that glipizide

Has a longer duration of action

Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding iron supplementation during pregnancy

Low dose iron supplementation is recommended stating at the first pregnancy appt.

The nurse is instructing a nursing student who will administer the Erythromycin Ophthalmic Ointment and Phytonadione (vitamin K) injection to a newborn infant. The nurse will instruct the student to preform which action?

Apply a 1cm ribbon of ointment to the infants eyes

Myxedema: a condition where thyroid activity is SEVERELY LOW. Can be life threatening

Treated with Liothyronine

First line drug treatment to replace thyroid hormone

Levothyroxine

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Deficiency is treated with

Calcitriol to increase blood calcium levels

What should you always do before giving insulin

check patients blood glucose

what may cause for an increased usual dosage

steroids, glucocorticoids, sickness, stress, and levothyroxine

what angle should insulin be injected

45-60 degree angle

what do you give a patient if they are hypoglycemic

glucagon - it goes after fat stores and converts it into sugar

when is long acting insulin given

nighttime - low incidence of nighttime hypoglycemia due to it being distributed evenly for 24 hours.

what decreases insulin resistance and restores blood sugar levels to normal in patients with T2DM?

Metformin

what medication relaxes smooth muscles of the uterus by calcium displacement?

Magnesium Sulfate

What may indicate the use of a progesterone only pill?

History of Venous Thrombus Embolism (VTE)

BPH medications

Alpha adrenergic antagonists (Tamsulosin), 5-Alpha Reductase inhibitors (Dutasteride), Anticholinergics, and Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors 

what should you do before administering any cardiac medications (especially in emergency situations)?

check vitals and heart rhythm

what medications are given for MI

MONA - Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, and Aspirin

what is epinephrine used to treat

anaphylaxis

what is mannitol used for

used to treat cerebral edema and reduced increased inter cranial pressure

what does naloxone reverse the effects of?

opioid overdose

what is HIV treated with

antiretrovirals

what is prednisone

glucocorticoid - used during asthma attacks to decrease inflammation