this was a wild ride for people with piss kinks
Put the following urinary structures in order as urine is produced and eliminated from the body
Kidney, liver, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra
Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?
1
What physiological process occurs at the structure labeled "2"?
filtration
Identify the structure labeled "5."
renal pyramid
Urine is carried to the urinary bladder by
the ureters
Urine is temporarily stored in the
urinary bladder
Triangular or conical structures located in the renal medulla are called
renal pyramids
The functional unit of the kidney is the
nephron
The U-shaped segment of the nephron is the
nephron loop
THe glomerular capsule and the glomerulus make up the
renal corpuscule
The filtrate first passes from the glomerular capsule to the
proximal convoluted tubule
The primary function of the proximal convoluted tubule is
reabsorbing nutrients
Which of the following is not a function of the urinary system?
excretes abundant protein molecules
regulates blood volume
contributes to stabilizing blood pH
eliminates organic waste products
The process of filtration occurs at the
glomerulus
theThe portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is
distal convoluted tubule
Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the
efferent arteriole
The afferent arteriole in the kidney
carries blood to the glomerulus
Each of the following is a normal constituent of urine except
hydrogen ions
urea
proteins
uric acid
creatinine
proteins
Which of the following substances is not secreted (by the urinary system)?
hydrogen
penicillin
creatinine
potassium ions
glucose
glucose
The most abundant waste solution in urine is
urea
Regarding kidney function, in __________, solutes are transported from the peritubular fluid across the tubular epithelium into the tubular fluid.
secretion
Regarding kidney function, in reabsorption,
water and solutes are transported from the tubular fluid, across the tubular epithelium, and into the peritubular fluid.
The process of filtration is driven by
glomerular hydrostatic pressure
In response to increased levels of aldosterone, the kidneys produce
urine with a lower concentration of sodium ions
Chloride ion is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb by
cotransport with Na ions
What percentage of nutrients (glucose, amino acids, etc), is reabsorbed in the PCT?
99
When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) decreases,
both more urine is produced and the osmolarity of the urine decreases
Antidiuretic hormone
increases the permeability of the collecting ducts of water by increasing the number of aquaporins
A patient excretes a large volume of very dilute urine on a continuing basis. This is maybe due to
absence of ADH
__________ is/are an immediately life threatening condition. However, if an individual survives the incident, full recovery is often possible.
acute renal failure
The ureters and urinary bladder are lined by _________ epithelium.
transitional
Which of the following is characterized as a slowly progressing disease that is irreversible?
chronic renal failure
Which structure is a conical mass within the renal medulla that ends at the papilla?
renal column
What physiological processes occur at the structure labeled 2?
filtration
Where does most nutrient reabsorption occur?
1
Which structure is the collecting duct?
6