Chemistry Mid Term

electron

the negative subatomic particle in the electron cloud of an atom

electromagnetic radiation

form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space

wavelength

unit of distance for measuring waves

frequency

number of waves that pass a given point in a certian time

emission spectrum

spectrum of light released from excited atoms of an element

heisenburg uncertainty principle

its impossible to determine the position and velocity of an electron or other particle simultaneously

valence electron

electrons in the outermost energy level of the electrons

octet rule

tendency of atoms to prefer to have 8 valance electrons

ions

atoms or molecules that have a change doe to having lost or gained electrons

cations

atoms that lose e- in order to become stable; results in a positive charge; usually metals

anions

atoms that gain e- in order to become stable; results in a negative charge; usually nonmetals

lewis structures

a convenient and simple way to represent an element and its valance electrons

electrons are the negative subatomic particles in the atom but they behave more like…

waves

they can have different amounts of energy and thus different…

frequencies

electrons can absorb and release energy in the form of …

electromagnetic radiation

speed of light is …

constant

wavelength and frequency have an …

inverse relationship

left side of spectrum

longer wavelength, lower frequency, lower energy

right side of spectrum

shorter wave length, higher frequency, higher energy

order of electromagnetic spectrum

Radiowave, microwave, infrared, visible light (ROYGBIV), ultraviolet, x-ray, gamma ray

an electron in its ground state absorbs enough energy to …

jump energy levels

an electron in its excited state releases enough energy that it …

returns to its ground state

energy released in the form of …

electromagnetic radiation (visible light)

An atom is stable if it already has a …

full outer energy level of valance electrons (typically 8 e-)

the noble gases are already stable because …

they have full outer energy levels of valance electrons