LINUS FINAL SEMESTER 2

In spite of the proclaimed moral foundation of the 18th Amendment, it led to:

a nationwide increase in crime and lawlessness

A result of the passage of the 19th Amendment was:

women of different races believed tended to believe unified female political participation was impossible

Part of what made the '20s "roar" was a booming economy. This was the result of all of the following EXCEPT:

the illegal sale of alcohol

Increasing consumerism in the 1920s was the result of all of the following EXCEPT:

the Great Migration

The "New Negro" movement of the 1920s broadened and redefined American culture. An important aspect of this artistic movement was its:

proud assertion of African heritage

All of the following are reasons America fell in love with organized sports in the 1920s EXCEPT:

more Americans were attending college, introducing greater numbers of people to sports like football and baseball

Ownership of automobiles dramatically increased in the 1920s and were an integral part of the changing social and economic fabric of the country. This was largely due to:

the adoption of the principles of "scientific management" to increase production and lower purchasing costs of automobiles

Radio broadcasts brought dramatic changes to the lives of ordinary Americans by:

connecting Americans with instant news and participating in cultural events

The Great Migration was the result of "push" factors like:

the violence and repression in the Jim Crow South

The Great Migration was the result of "pull" factors like:

demand for factory work in the industrial mid-west

"Youth culture" emerged for the first time in the 1920s the result of:

urbanization and new technology sharing trends on a national scale

All of the following are examples of 1920s "youth culture" EXCEPT:

"talkies"

The thesis of Booker T. Washington's Industrial Education for the Negro was:

African-Americans need to socially and economically advance through "industrial development"

The emergence of "youth culture" in the 1920s was a product of all of the following EXCEPT:

slang

Elements of youth culture in the 1920s were

changes in clothing and hair styles, use of language and music

In A Flapper's Appeal to Parents, Page:

both admonishes the "older" generation for looking down on Flappers, but also asks for their guidance and support

Blevins' observations in Flapper Jane address:

the shockingly revealing clothing and concerns about their relation to morals and behavior

The values and mores (a socioloigcal term referring to what is acceptable or celebrated) of the Harlem Renaissance are reflected in art through:

its emphasis on the African roots of Blacks

Jazz, a uniquely American form of music, became wildly popular (and synonymous with) the 1920s because of:

its association with youth culture, speakeasies and its growth and spread via new technologies

All of the following were reasons behind the "urban/rural divide" in the 1920s EXCEPT:

urban America rejected the influx of both migrants and immigrants

All of the following are true of the Harlem Renaissance EXCEPT:

it sought approval of White America

One of the root causes of "urban/rural divide" that became so pronounced in the 1920s was:

a perception of cities as locations of vice, and crime as opposed to rural communities which were centers of virtue and morality

The Scopes "Monkey Trial" was about:

whether John Scopes could teach evolution in a public high school

The Republican administrations of Coolidge, Harding and Hoover did all of the following EXCEPT:

support labor unions

One of the results of the Republican Presidents of the 1920s was:

a rapidly expanding (perhaps to the point of unsustainability) stock market

All of the following were "new technologies" developed and expanded during the 1920s EXCEPT:

television

The "new technologies" of the 1920s were instrumental in the economic expansion of the decade because:

new markets were created along with new methods of marketing (selling)

An example of the "ripple effect" of new technologies in the automobile industry is:

more autos require the construction of roads, the drilling of petroleum, the production of replacement parts and the growth of new industries to service cars

As the American economy in the 1920s expanded with new technologies, new "company towns" emerged, such as:

Detroit, Los Angeles, Houston, Seattle

The "Red Scare" was the result of:

revolution in Russia, large numbers of immigrants and labor unrest

When there is an economic contraction (sometimes called a down-turn, "recession" or, if its particularly bad, a "depression") it spirals and compounds when:

people stop buying, businesses lay-off labor, people spend less because they are worried about their jobs

Among the reasons the Great Depression was "great" (as in a long-lasting economic decline) was:

people lost faith in banks, which could not loan money for businesses to start-up or expand, so the economy stagnated

The problem of the concentration of wealth as a contributing factor in the Great Depression is that:

a handful of super-rich do not have the ability to support a nation's economy exclusively on their own

Speculation on the stock market contributed to the Great Depression by:

artificially inflating the value of stocks

"Paper profits" were a contributing factor to the Great Depression because:

businesses didn't have to disclose their financial health, lending to speculation

Speculation helped weaken the financial stability of the country because it:

caused stocks to soar in value, causing a massive sell-off when the stock market began to tumble

The narrow economic expansion of the American economy in the 1920s contributed to the Great Depression by:

consumer not needing to purchase many of the new technologies more than once

The Smoot-Hawley tariff contributed to the depth and breadth of the Great Depression by:

unintentionally (but foreseeably) triggering reciprocal tariffs by other countries

Hoover's response to the Great Depression was to:

encourage corporations and businesses to "voluntarily cooperate" by cutting working hours rather than laying off employees

The relationship between these two graphs shows:

how there is a correlation between bank failures and business failures

The graph below shows:

the dramatic depth of the Great Depression

All of the following were causes of the Dust Bowl EXCEPT:

the ineffectiveness of the Smoot-Hawley tariff

The tens of thousands of people who migrated to the San Juaquin and Willamette valleys looking for work were called:

"Oakies" and "Arkies" because they were climate refugees escaping the Dust Bowl

Contrary to what you might imagine, the response of most Americans to the Great Depression was:

self-reflection and blame, resilience and determination

In our "jigsaw" activity on the experiences of Americans during the Great Depression, it was clear that:

not everyone was suffering or had similar experiences

Popular culture in the 1930s reflected the "zeitgeist" (spirit of the age) emphasizing all of the following EXCEPT:

films and music that emphasized bitterness and blame towards the bourgeoisie and politicians

Films during the Great Depression emphasized all of the following EXCEPT:

the need for our economic system to be drastically overhualed

The three "Rs" of the New Deal were:

Restore confidence, Reform the economy, provide Relief for those suffering

All of the following were part of the New Deal's program to address structural weaknesses within the economy that led to the depth, breadth and length of the Depression EXCEPT:

the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

The TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) was created to:

provide rural electrification and control flooding

The WPA (Works Progress Administration) was a New Deal program whose purpose was to:

provide employment by having people work on roads, bridges, public buildings and art

Hoover was reluctant to institute government sponsored relief programs because:

he was concerned once people were dependent on the government, they would not want to work

T/F: World War II got the United States out of the Great Depression:

False

The Social Security Act:

provided a social safety net for the elderly (a pension), the disabled and widows and orphans

The FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation) was established to:

protect savings if a bank goes bankrupt

All of the following were reasons for using the atomic bomb to end the war with Japan EXCEPT:

fears that the USSR would invade Japan

"Appeasement policy" was:

the practice of European nations to give in to the demands by fascist nations in order to avoid war (which, in the end resulted in war)

The rise and success of fascism first in Italy, and later in Germany was the result of all the following EXCEPT:

widespread support for a strong, authoritarian leader

The American strategy in the Pacific during WWII was called:

"island hopping"

The United States was reluctant to join the fighting in the Second World War for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Americans wanted - and expected - the League of Nations to play its role in preventing another war

The Nüremberg trials are important because:

it established an expectation that those who committed "crimes against humanity" would be punished

The theory behind splitting an atom had long been theory - the research and engineering behind actually doing this was the result of:

the Manhattan Project

The Soviet Union believed ___ was an intentional delay to weaken them, while the United States believed it was the result of wanting to have enough men, material and supplies to make it successful.

D-Day

All of the following are true statements about the Holocaust EXCEPT:

the internment of Americans of Japanese descent is similar to the deportment of Jewish Europeans to the camps

10. While defining fascism is "like trying to nail Jell-o to a wall", one thing that Gentile, Eco, Griffin and Stanley all agree on is:

it is ultra-nationalistic based on myth, vitality or regeneration

The United States was "late" in terms of creating its empire because:

it was conquering its own continent while other nations were expanding into Africa and Asia

Kipling's poem The White Man's Burden, dedicated to the United States, intended to:

encourage America to join the rest of the industrialized world in improving the quality of life of non-White people by building an empire

Hearst and Pulitzer pushed the United States towards war by:

publishing sympathetic stories about Cuba

The "March of the Flag" argued all of the following EXCEPT:

the United States needs to occupy the Philippines before another nation seizes it

The United States annexed the Hawai'ian islands because:

the United States was concerned other nations would annex them

American involvement in the Boxer Rebellion was:

limited to only protecting American missionaries and merchants

The "Roosevelt Doctrine" (also known as the "Roosevelt Corollary") stated that:

the United States has the right to use force in Latin America

President Wilson believed the First World War:

was a war of democracy against autocracy

All of the following were arguments in support of the US joining the League of Nations except:

joining the League of Nations would ensure America's role as a global power

All of the following were arguments against the US joining the League of Nations except:

it has long been the policy of the US to avoid "entangling alliances" with European nations, dating back to the Washington administration

While the US tried to remain out of World War I, it was pulled into the conflict by:

unrestricted submarine warfare sinking ships with American citizens on board and the Zimmerman telegram

The "14 Points" can be summarized as:

Wilson's attempt to prevent future wars and to create a democratic Europe based on self-determination

The "Big Four" who dictated the Paris peace following the First World War were:

Clemenceau, Wilson, Lloyd-George and Orlando

All of the following are arguments for American territorial expansion after 1890 EXCEPT:

the ability to trade freely would be negatively impacted

The United States moved from a "regional power" to a "global power" because:

Europe wasted life and fortune fighting the First World War

All of the following were reasons the United States gave for invading Iraq EXCEPT:

Osama bin Laden is hiding out in Iraq

The "counter-culture" was a youth movement that:

Rejected the reasons for America's involvement in Vietnam

All of the following were events demonstrating resentment, tensions and conflict between Iran and the United States EXCEPT:

Operation Desert Storm

In class we read and discussed four options President Johnson had regarding possible American involvement in Vietnam. While each of the four had elements to recommend it, Johnson eventually decided to:

"Americanize" the war and fight to win!

The Yalta meeting of the "Big Three" was important because it:

established occupation zones in both Germany generally and Berlin specifically setting the stage for the Cold War

We see a "lesson learned" from Vietnam in the way in which the Gulf War ("Operation Desert Storm") was conducted by:

Making it difficult to be "anti-war" by associating "supporting the troops" with "supporting the war"

Your friends (and mine) at the CIA staged (or encouraged) military coups (takeovers) in all of the following countries EXCEPT:

Algeria

The argument that "the United States has been a force for good in the 20th century" would include:

The Marshall Plan, American involvement in Somalia, and D-Day

11. All of the following were "lessons learned" from America's involvement in Vietnam EXCEPT:

Acting unilaterally (America acting on its own) is a demonstration of the might of a superpower

13. The Marshall Plan did all of the following EXCEPT:

provide military, political and economic aid to allies of the United States

The argument that "the United States has been a force for evil in the 20th century" would include:

The "tanker war", Operation Iraqi Freedom, support for Allende

American support for dictators like the Shah, Ferdinand Marcos, August Pinochet (and others) was rationalized arguing:

they were better than the alternative: having governments friendly to the Soviet Union in power

17. A key difference between the conduct of the war in Vietnam and Operation Desert Storm demonstrating a "lesson learned" was:

a clear military objective that would indicate what "winning" the conflict would be

19. The "blank check" Congress gave the President that led to an escalating military presence in SE Asia was the:

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

The official reason for Japanese internment was:

concerns and fears that these Americans maintained loyalty to the Emperor and country of Japan

The "Big Three" were:

Stalin, Churchill, Roosevelt

The spread of communism first in east and central Europe, then in China and later in Korea:

supported the theory that communism needed to be contained or it would spread

The Berlin Airlift was:

an escalation showing the beginning of the Cold War as the Soviet Union sought to starve out Berlin and make it exclusively a city within the Soviet area of occupation

China becoming a communist country aligned with the Soviet Union:

reinforced the belief that communism needed to be "contained" lest it take over the world

Your friends (and mine) at CIA removed Mohammad Mossadegh for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

Mossadegh was anti-American and sought favor with Islamic fundamentalists