Freud and Sleep Psychology Test

What is the name of the approach to psychology that Freud created?

Psychoanalysis is the approach to psychology created by Freud, focusing on unconscious processes and childhood experiences.

What two things did Freud gave to the field of psychology?

Freud contributed the concepts of the unconscious mind and psychoanalysis, which shaped modern psychology by emphasizing the impact of unconscious processes and early life experiences on behavior.

What are the differences between the conscious, unconscious, and subconscious mind?

The conscious mind contains thoughts and feelings we are aware of; the subconscious mind holds memories and information not in immediate awareness; and the unconscious mind comprises repressed memories and instincts that influence behavior.

According to Freud much of our behavior is motivated by…

Unconscious drives and sexual desires.

What are the three parts of our personality?

The three parts of our personality, according to Freud, are the id, ego, and superego.

Which part of our personality is present at birth?

The id is the part of our personality that is present at birth, driving our basic instincts and desires.

What do the parts of our personality say about human nature and good vs. evil?

The interplay suggests that human nature is a constant struggle between instinctual drives and societal norms.

What is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

Defense mechanisms serve to protect the ego from anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality or blocking uncomfortable feelings.

Denial

Arguing against an anxiety provoking stimuli by stating it doesn’t exist

Displacement

Taking out impulses on a less threatening target

Intellectualization

Avoiding unacceptable emotions by focusing on the intellectual aspects

Projection

Placing unacceptable impulses in yourself onto someone else

Rationalization

Supplying a logical or rational reason as opposed to the real reason

Reaction Formation

Taking the opposite belief because the true belief

Regression

Returning to a previous stage of devolopment

Repression

Pulling into the unconscious

Sublimation

Acting out unacceptable impulses in a socially acceptable way

What defense mechanisms are the healthiest for teens?

Healthiest defense mechanisms for teens are often considered to be sublimation and humor

What are the stages in Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development?

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages

What two things are present in nearly every stage in Freud’s Stages of Development?

Erogenous zones and conflict

How does a fixation in the various stages affect your personality?

Fixation occurs when an individual's needs are frustrated or overindulged at a particular psychosexual stage, leading to persistent behaviors and personality traits associated with that stage in adulthood.

What is the oedipal complex?

suggests that a child experiences a subconscious desire for the parent of the opposite sex and rivalry with the same-sex parent during the phallic stage of development.

What is the Electra complex?

suggests that a girl experiences unconscious feelings of desire for her father and rivalry with her mother during the phallic stage of development.

What are Freudian Slips?

Freudian slips are unconscious errors in speech or memory that reveal repressed thoughts or feelings.

What is the purpose of the forms of therapy used by psychoanalysts?

The purpose of these therapies is to uncover repressed thoughts and emotions, allowing individuals to gain insight into their unconscious mind and resolve inner conflicts.

How do Neo-Freudians differ from Freud?

Neo-Freudians differ from Freud in that they place less emphasis on sexual motivations and more focus on social and interpersonal relationships in personality development.

How does Freud define someone who is mentally healthy?

Freud defines mental health as the ability to love and work, indicating a balance between emotional wellbeing and productive engagement in life.

What is the difference between REM and non-REM?

The difference between REM and non-REM sleep lies in the patterns of brain activity; REM sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements and increased brain activity, while non-REM sleep features slower brain waves and is divided into stages of deeper sleep.

How does REM and non-REM change throughout the night while we sleep?

Throughout the night, REM and non-REM sleep cycles alternate in a pattern, with non-REM sleep occurring more in the early cycles and REM sleep increasing in duration during later cycles, contributing to restful sleep and dreaming.

Why is dreaming necessary?

Dreaming is considered necessary for processing emotions, consolidating memories, and facilitating problem-solving.

What is the difference between a nightmare and a night terror?

A nightmare is a vivid and disturbing dream that causes feelings of fear or anxiety, often remembered upon waking, whereas a night terror occurs during non-REM sleep, typically in children, and involves intense fear or panic with little recollection of the event afterwards.

What is sleep paralysis?

Sleep paralysis is a condition characterized by the temporary inability to move or speak while falling asleep or waking up, often accompanied by hallucinations and a feeling of pressure on the chest. It occurs when the brain is awake but the body remains in a state of REM sleep.

What is the glymphatic system?

The glymphatic system is a network in the brain that facilitates the clearance of waste products during sleep, promoting brain health and functioning effectively.

How is the prefrontal cortex affected by sleep?

Sleep deprivation can impair the functioning of the prefrontal cortex, leading to diminished executive functions such as decision-making, impulse control, and emotional regulation.

How is the amygdala affected by sleep

Inadequate sleep can result in heightened emotional responses, increased anxiety, and impaired threat detection.

How is the hippocampus affected by sleep

Sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation and learning, with sleep deprivation leading to impairments in these cognitive functions.

How is serotonin affected by sleep

Insufficient sleep can disrupt serotonin production, contributing to mood disorders.

How is norepinephrine affected by sleep

Sleep deprivation can lead to dysregulation in norepinephrine levels, potentially impacting stress responses.