AP Biology Unit 1: Chemistry of Life Practice Test (Multiple Choice)

1. What are organic molecules?

a. Chemical compounds that contain hydrogen

b. Chemical compounds that contain carbon

c. Chemical compounds that contain nitrogen

d. Chemical compounds that contain oxygen

e. Chemical compounds that contain sulfur

B

2. Which macromolecule(s) contains nitrogen?

a. Lipids

b. Proteins

c. Nucleic Acids

d. Lipids and Nucleic Acids

e. Proteins and Nucleic Acids

E

3. Water molecules stick together due to hydrogen bonds. This phenomenon is called...

a. Coolant

b. Surface Tension

c. Cohesion

d. Adhesion

e. Polarity

C

4. Water molecules stick to many other substances well. This phenomenon is called...

a. Coolant

b. Surface Tension

c. Cohesion

d. Adhesion

e. Polarity

D

5. In water molecules, the hydrogen is slightly ____________________ and the oxygen is slightly ____________________

a. Positive; negative

b. Negative; positive

c. Positive; positive

d. Negative; negative

e. Good; evil

A

6. What is the monomer of carbohydrates?

a. Amino acids

b. Monosaccharides

c. Nucleotides

d. Glycerol and fatty acids

e. Glucose

B

7. In the word carbohydrate, the "carbo" refers to the carbon in carbohydrates. What does the hydrate refer to?

a. Water / H2O

b. Hydroxide / OH

c. Carbon

d. Hydrogen

e. Oxygen

A

8. Disaccharide sugars (from the group carbohydrates) are formed from two monosaccharides. What is the reaction that combines two monosaccharides; additionally, what is the reaction that breaks down a disaccharide sugar into two monosaccharides?

a. Dehydration Synthesis; Hydrolysis

b. Hydrolysis; Dehydration Synthesis

c. Cohesion; Adhesion

d. Adhesion; Cohesion

e. Hydrolysis; Adhesion

(Note: Dehydration Synthesis is the same as condensation)

(Note 2: These processes also apply to polysaccharides)

A

9. In the word "hydrolysis," "hydro" means water. What does "lysis" mean?

a. To die

b. To increase

c. To decrease

d. To combine

e. To split

E

10. Which of the following is not a purpose of carbohydrates?

a. Provide energy

b. Store energy

c. Formation of cell organelles

d. Formation of DNA and RNA

e. Formation of enzymes

E

11. What is the monomer of lipids?

a. Amino acids

b. Monosaccharides

c. Nucleotides

d. Glycerol and fatty acids

e. Glucose

d

For question 12, choose the TWO best options.

12. Saturated fatty acids differ from unsaturated fatty acids in that...

a. Saturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature and are from animal sources while unsaturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature and from plant sources

b. Unsaturated fats tend to be solid at room temperature and are from animal sources while saturated fats tend to be liquid at room temperature and from plant sources

c. Saturated fatty acids only have single bonds while unsaturated fatty acids have both single and double bonds

d. Unsaturated fatty acids only have single bonds while saturated fatty acids have both single and double bonds

e. There is no difference

A & C

13. What is a triglyceride?

a. Another name for glycerol

b. Another name for fatty acids

c. Another name for ester bonds

d. A combination of glycerol, ester bonds, and fatty acids

e. A combination of three glycerols

D

14. Which of the following is not a function of lipids?

a. Energy

b. Insulation

c. Body fat

d. Formation of cellular membranes

e. Formation of DNA and RNA

E

15. What are the monomers of proteins?

a. Amino acids

b. Monosaccharides

c. Nucleotides

d. Glycerol and fatty acids

e. Glucose

A

16. Enzymes are made out of...

a. Proteins

b. Lipids

c. Carbohydrates

d. Nucleic Acids

e. Water

A

17. What suffix is used to name enzymes?

a. -ose

b. -ase

c. -tic

d. -ese

e. -atc

B

18. Proteins are made out of chains of amino acids called ______________________________ and are bonded together with ____________________.

a. Pro Chains; Protein Bonds

b. Amino Chains; Amino Bonds

c. Polypeptide Chains; Peptide Bonds

d. R groups; R chains

e. R groups; Amino chains

C

19. Polypeptide chains are formed based on the order of ___________________ in __________ & __________.

a. Proteins; DNA; RNA

b. Amino acids; DNA; RNA

c. Amino acids; DNA; mRNA

d. Nucleotides; DNA; RNA

e. Nucleotides; DNA; mRNA

E

20. How many protein structure stages are there?

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

e. 5

D

21. What does a protein primary structure consist of?

a. Amino acid sequence/polypeptide chains

b. α helix or β-pleated sheet consisting of CO and NH groups

c. Multiple α helix or β-pleated sheet consisting of CO and NH groups wrapped around each other

d. DNA

e. RNA

A

22. What are fibrous proteins?

a. Weak and can be stretchy; also are water-soluble and are easily denatured

b. Strong and can be stretchy; also are water-insoluble and are not easily denatured

c. Weak and firm; also are water-soluble and are easily denatured

d. Strong and firm; also are water-insoluble and are not easily denatured

e. Proteins that makeup DNA and RNA

B

23. What are the monomers of nucleic acids?

a. Amino acids

b. Monosaccharides

c. Nucleotides

d. Glycerol and fatty acids

e. Glucose

C

24. DNA is made out of...

a. Amino acids

b. Monosaccharides

c. Nucleotides

d. Glycerol and fatty acids

e. Glucose

C

25. DNA's nucleotide bases are the same as RNA's nucleotide bases except...

a. DNA has adenine while RNA has thymine

b. DNA has guanine while RNA has uracil

c. DNA has cytosine while RNA has adenine

d. DNA has thymine while RNA has uracil

e. DNA has uracil while RNA has thymine

D

26. DNA's sugar is ___________________ while RNA's sugar is ____________________

a. Maltose; Galactose

b. Galactose; Maltose

c. Deoxyribose; Maltose

d. Ribose; Deoxyribose

e. Deoxyribose; Ribose

E

27. What is DNA's base-pairing rule?

a. Cytosine pairs with Guanine; Adenine pairs with Thymine

b. Cytosine pairs with Adenine; Cytosine pairs with Thymine

c. Guanine pairs with Uracil; Thymine pairs with Cytosine

d. Thymine pairs with Guanine; Adenine pairs with Cytosine

e. Uracil pairs with Thymine; Adenine pairs with Guanine

A

28. What is RNA's base-pairing rule?

a. Uracil pairs with Thymine; Adenine pairs with Guanine

b. Cystine pairs with Guanine, Adenine pairs with Uracil

c. Guanine pairs with Uracil; Thymine pairs with Cytosine

d. Cytosine pairs with Adenine; Cytosine pairs with Thymine

e. Adenine pairs with Thymine; Cytosine pairs with Uracil

B

29. Of all of the five nucleotide bases, how many are purine bases and how many pyrimidine bases?

a. 1;4

b. 2;3

c. 3;2

d. 4;1

e. 5;0

B

30. A DNA sequence is shown below.

A T G C G G C A A T

Based on the base-pairing rule, what is the DNA sequence's complementary sequence?

a. A T G C G G C A A T

b. C G A G T A C G A T

c. U A C G C C G U U A

d. T A C G C C G T T A

e. T A G C G G C T T A

D