The Emergence of Molecular Biotechnology

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary terms and definitions related to the concepts of molecular biotechnology introduced in the lecture.

Biotechnology

The application of scientific and engineering principles to process materials by biological agents to provide goods and services.

Recombinant DNA Technology

A method for transferring genetic information from one organism to another, enabling the isolation and perpetuation of specific genes.

Upstream processing

Preparation of the microorganism and raw materials for growth and production of desired products in biotechnology.

Fermentation

The growth phase in which target microorganisms are cultivated for product production in large bioreactors.

Downstream processing

Purification of the desired compound produced by microorganisms from the cell medium or mass.

Genetic engineering

The manipulation of genes for the purpose of creating organisms with specific genetic traits for useful goods and services.

Mutagenesis

The process of inducing mutations to create genetic variants within organisms.

Genetic diversity

The total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

Molecular biotechnology

A discipline focused on the manipulation of genes using biotechnology to produce useful goods and services through living organisms.

Commercialization of biotechnology

The process of developing and marketing biotechnological products, often guided by economic factors.