PMLS 1 - Inventions and Innovations

1st exam (time, use, inventor)

Spirometer (inventor)

John Hutchinson

Spirometer (use)

vital capacity of lungs

Spirometer (time)

19th century

Sphygmomanometer (time)

19th century

Sphygmomanometer (inventor)

Jules Herrison

Sphygmomanometer (use)

measures blood pressure

Stethoscope (inventor)

Rene Laennec

Stethoscope (time)

1816

Stethoscope (use)

used to acquire information about the lungs and heartbeats

**Microscope** (inventor)

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

**Microscope** (time)

1840

**Microscope (use)**

developed for medical purposes due to advances in lenses and lower costs

produces enlarged images of small/micro objects, allowing the observer an exceedingly close view of minute structures at a scale convenient  for examination and analysis

Ophthalmoscope (use)

 instrument for inspecting the interior of the eye

Ophthalmoscope (time)

1850

Ophthalmoscope (inventor)

Hermann von Helmholz

**Laryngoscope (use)**

uses 2 mirrors to observe the throat and larnyx

**Laryngoscope (time)**

1855

**Laryngoscope (inventor)**

Manuel Garcia

X-ray (inventor)

William Roentgen

X-ray (year)

1859

X-ray (use)

allow physicians to view without surgery

used to diagnose pneumonia, pleurisy, tubercolosis since WW II

Electrocardiograph (inventor)

William Einthoven

Electrocardiograph (time)

1903

Electrocardiograph (use)

measure electrical changes during the beating of the heart

Kenny Method (inventor)

 Elizabeth Kenny

Kenny Method (time)

1910

Kenny Method (use)

 treatment for polio (infantile paralysis)

uses hot packs and muscle manipulation

Sylvia stretcher (time)

1927

Sylvia stretcher (inventor)

Elizabeth Kenny (2)

Sylvia stretcher (use)

intended for transporting patients in shock

Drinker respirator (time)

1927

Drinker respirator (use)

help patients with paralytic anterior poliomyelitis recover normal respiration

Drinker respirator (inventor)

Philip Drinker

Heart-Lung Machine (inventor)

Hermann von Helmholz

Heart-Lung Machine (time)

1939

Heart-Lung Machine (use)

temporarily takes over the functions of the heart and lungs, especially during heart surgery

Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography (operated by w/ time)

Forsmann (1929)

Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography (developed by w/ time)

Moniz, Reboul, Rousthol (1930-1940)

Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography (safe method w/ time)

Cournard (1941)

Cardiac Catheterization & Angiography (use)

made seeing the heart, lung vessels, and valves possible through inserting a cannula in an arm vein (radial/ulnar) and into the heart with an injection of radiopaque dye for X-ray visualization

Electron Microscope (use)

visualisation of small cells including tumor cells

Electron Microscope (time)

1931

Electron Microscope (inventors)

Ernst Ruska & Max Knoll

Tomography (inventor)

Godfrey Hounsfield

Tomography (time)

1972

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - 1st person to do a full body scan w/ time

 Raymond Damadian (1977)