History Michaelmas Exam revision

List 3 successes of Henry I

Henry crushed rebellions from his french barons and managed to carry on ruling Normandy even when the king of France tried claiming it.

Henry ruled England and Normandy.

Henry managed to keep the throne even when his brother wanted it back.

List 3 failures of Henry I

Henry didn't fight battles

He was cruel and blinded two of his granddaughters

Henry's only male heir drowned so he only had a female heir which was bad because there weren't many queens then

List 3 reasons why Stephen deserved the throne of England

He was the closest male living relative to Henry I

Stephen had a male heir called Eustace

Stephen had support from the church and his brother the Bishop of Winchester

List 3 reasons why Matilda deserved the throne of England

Matilda was the closest living relative to Henry I

Matilda knew how to run the kingdom as she was brought up in court

Matilda was married and had a son

The barons of England swore an oath saying they would support Matilda as the next queen

1135

Henry I died without a son to inherit the throne

1136-1138

Matilda’s forces invaded Normandy and destroyed towns and villages

1141

Stephens forces were helped by the people of london to remove matilda

Matilda defeated Stephen at the battle of Lincoln

1153

Stephen agreed the peace of Winchester with Matilda’s son Henry

1154

Stephen died and Henry II became king.

What was the role of the church in everyday life.

The church held individual ceremonies (weddings and baptisms)

Everyone went to the Sunday service of mass

The priest gave the local news

The monks provided education

Alms (charity) to the poor

Monks provided healthcare

Shelter and food for travelers

How did the church use doom paintings to exert their power?

Doom paintings mainly featured the torments of hell

The church scared people into doing what they said

The church told people what to do to not go to hell

The doom paintings featured the devils

What were the 4 ways medieval people thought they could get to heaven?

By confessing their sins to the priest

By going on a pilgrimage to:

Rome, Bethlehem, Jerusalem or Canterbury

Buying your way to heaven by leaving money to get people to pray for you or if you were poorer join guilds (societies) which held masses for their souls after they died

By becoming a monk or nun they would devote their lives to god

1142-1153

Civil war continues for 11 years.