Studied by 70 people
cartography
mapmaking
primogeniture laws
law in which an entire estate was given to the eldest son
prince henry the navigator
(1394-1460) first european monarch to sponsor seafaring expeditions
ferdinand magellan
spanish explorer who circumnavigated the earth
- philippines
trading-post empire
gained power by controlling trade rather than people
galleons
heavily armed spanish ships
northwest passage
a route through/around north america that would lead to east asia
new france
french colony in north america
conquistadores
spanish soldiers (ex. francisco pizarro, hernan cortes)
trans-atlantic slave trade
trade of specifically african slaves that occurred across the atlantic ocean
cash crop
large-scale agriculture used to sell (sale over subsistence)
ex. sugar, tobacco
african diaspora
dispersion of africans out of africa
indentured servitude
signed agreement where someone works for someone else for a period of time (5-7 years) in exchange for passage to the americas
chattel slavery
system in which individuals were considered property to be bought and sold
hispaniola
name given to island (now called haiti/dominican republic) by columbus
encomienda system
system where and encomendero was granted control over a certain number of natives
- used to gain access to gold
hacienda system
natives were forced to work on spanish-owned estates
- most closely related to slavery
mercantilism
economic system in which colonies were only supposed to trade with their mother countries
indian ocean slave trade
slave trade between east africa, northern africa, middle east, and india
commercial revolution
transformation to a trade-based economy using gold and silver
joint-stock companies
business enterprise based on the sale of shares to multiple owners
east-india company
joint-stock companies developed by britain, dutch, and france for trade with east and southeast asia and india
triangular trade
atlantic trading system; voyages had three segments
syncretism
combining of difference religious beliefs and practices
metacom’s war
aka king philip’s war (1675-1678), the result of english colonists using underhanded tactics to control native lands
maroon wars
1728-1740 and 1795-1796 - enslaved people in the carribean and former spanish territories in the americas fought to gain freedom
harem
residence where a powerful man’s wives and concubines lived
barbary pirates
plied the seas near north africa; captured other europeans in the mediterranean and sold them
casta system
latin american social system based on race and ancestry
castas: people of mixed-race ancestry
peninsulares
top of casta system; born on the iberian peninsula
european nobility
nobles appointed by the king
absolute monarch
power is in complete control of the monarch with no constitutional limits
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