Summer 1 Muscle Packet

What are the superior attachment (SA) of the psoas major?

• Sides of bodies of T12 - L5 and IV discs

• TP of lumbar vertebrae

What is the inferior attachment (IA) of the psoas major?

• Lesser trochanter of femur

What is the action of the psoas major?

• Hip flexion

What is the innervation of the psoas major?

• Anterior rami (AR) L1 & L2

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the rectus femoris?

• Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

• Ilium superior to acetabulum

What are the distal attachments (DA) of the rectus femoris?

• Quadriceps tendon

• Patella

• Tibial tubercle via patellar ligament

What are the actions of the rectus femoris?

• Hip flexion

• Knee extension

What is the innervation of the rectus femoris?

• Femoral nerve L3, L4

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the vastus lateralis?

• Linea aspera (lateral lip)

• Greater trochanter

What are the distal attachments (DA) of the vastus lateralis?

• Quadriceps tendon

• Patella

• Tibial tubercle via patellar ligament

What is the action of vastus lateralis?

• Knee extension

What is the innervation of the vastus lateralis?

• Femoral nerve L3, L4

(NOTE) What does the aponeurosis (lateral patellar retinaculum) attach to?

• Tibia & Patella

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the vastus medialis?

• Linea aspera (medial lip)

• Intertrochanteric line

What are the distal attachments (DA) of the vastus medialis?

• Quadriceps tendon

• Patella

• Tibial tubercle via patellar ligament

What is the action of the vastus medialis?

Knee extension

What is the innervation of the vastus medialis?

• Femoral nerve L3, L4

NOTE: Where does the aponeurosis (medial patellar retinaculum) attach to?

• Tibia & Patella

What are oblique fibers of the vastus medialis?

• Vastus Medialis Oblique (VMO)

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the vastus intermedius?

• Anterior & lateral shaft of femur

What are the distal attachments (DA) of the vastus intermedius?

• Quadriceps tendon

• Patella

• Tibial tubercle via patellar ligament

What is the action of the vastus intermedius?

• Knee extension

What is the innervation of the vastus intermedius?

• Femoral nerve L3, L4

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the tibialis anterior?

• Lateral condyle & superior lateral tibia

• Interosseous membrane

What are the distal attachments of the tibialis anterior?

• Medial & inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform

• Base of 1st metatarsal

What are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

• Ankle dorsiflexion

• Foot inversion

What is the innervation of the tibialis anterior?

• Deep fibular nerve L4

What are the proximal attachments (PA) of the extensor hallicus longus?

• Middle surface of anterior fibula

• Interosseous membrane

What is the distal attachment (DA) of the extensor hallicus longus?

• Distal phalanx of hallux (1st digit)

What are the actions of the extensor hallicus longus?

• MP & IP extension of hallux

• Ankle dorsiflexion

What is the innervation of the extensor hallucis longus?

• Deep fibular nerve L5

What is the proximal attachment (PA) of the fibularis longus?

• Head & superior lateral surface of fibula

What are the distal attachments (DA) of the fibularis longus?

• Base of 1st metatarsal

• Medial cuneiform

What are the actions of the fibularis longus?

• Foot eversion

• Ankle plantarflexion (weak)

What is the innervation of the fibularis longus?

• Superficial fibular L5, S1

What is the proximal attachment (PA) of the fibularis brevis?

• Inferior lateral surface of fibula

What is the distal attachment (DA) of the fibularis brevis?

• Tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

What are the actions of the fibularis brevis?

• Foot eversion

• Ankle plantarflexion (weak)

What is the innervation of the fibularis brevis?

• Superficial fibular L5, S1

What is the proximal attachment of the medial head of the gastrocnemius?

• Popliteal surface of femur superior to medial condyle

What is the proximal attachment of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius?

• Lateral femoral condyle

What is the distal attachment of the gastrocnemius?

• Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

What are the actions of the gastrocnemius?

• Ankle plantarflexion

• Knee flexion

What is the innervation of the gastrocnemius?

• Tibial nerve S1, S2

What are the proximal attachments of the soleus?

• Head & superior surface of posterior fibula

• Soleal line & medial border of tibia

• Tendinous arch between bony attachments

What is the distal attachment of the soleus?

• Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

What is the action of the soleus?

• Ankle plantarflexion

What is the innervation of the soleus?

• Tibial nerve S1, S2

What is the proximal attachment of the anterior deltoid?

• Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

What is the distal attachment of the anterior deltoid?

• Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

What are the actions of the anterior deltoid?

• Flexes humerus

• Internally rotates humerus

What is the innervation of the anterior deltoid?

• Axillary nerve C5

What is the proximal attachment of the middle deltoid?

• Acromion

What is the distal attachment of the middle deltoid?

• Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

What is the action of the middle deltoid?

• Abducts humerus

What is the innervation of the middle deltoid?

• Axillary nerve C5

What is the proximal attachment of the posterior deltoid?

• Spine of scapula

What is the distal attachment of the posterior deltoid?

• Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

What are the actions of the posterior deltoid?

• Extends humerus

• Externally rotates humerus

What is the innervation of the posterior deltoid?

• Axillary nerve C5

What is the proximal attachment of the short head of the biceps brachii?

• Coracoid process

What are the proximal attachments of the long head of the biceps brachii?

• Supraglenoid tubercle

• Superior labrum

What are the distal attachments of the biceps brachii?

• Radial tuberosity

• Fascia of the forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

What are the actions of the biceps brachii?

• Forearm supination

• Elbow flexion

• Shoulder flexion

What is the innervation of the biceps brachii?

• Musculocutaneous C6

What is the proximal attachment of the long head of the triceps brachii?

• Infraglenoid tubercle

What is the proximal attachment of the lateral head of the triceps brachii?

• Posterior surface of the humerus superior to radial (spiral) groove

What is the proximal attachment of the medial head of the triceps brachii?

• Posterior surface of the humerus inferior to radial (spiral) groove

What are the distal attachments of the triceps brachii?

• Olecranon process

• Fascia of forearm

What is the action of the triceps brachii?

• Elbow extension

What is the innervation of the triceps brachii?

• Radial nerve C7

What is the proximal attachment of the brachioradialis?

• Proximal 2/3 of lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

What is the distal attachment of the brachioradialis?

• Lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

What is the action of the brachioradialis?

• Elbow flexion (maximal in mid-pronated position)

What is the innervation of the brachioradialis?

• Radial nerve C6

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

• Lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

• Dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis longus?

• Wrist extension

• Radial deviation

What is the innervation of extensor carpi radialis longus?

• Radial nerve, C6, C7

What is the proximal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

• Lateral epicondyle of humerus

What is the distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

• Dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

What are the actions of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

• Wrist extension

• Radial deviation

What is the innervation of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

• Radial (deep branch) C7

What is the proximal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?

• Medial epicondyle of humerus

What is the distal attachment of the flexor carpi radialis?

• Base of 2nd metacarpal

What are the actions of the flexor carpi radialis?

• Wrist flexion

• Radial deviation

What is the innervation of the flexor carpi radialis?

• Median nerve, C7

What is the proximal attachment of the abductor pollicis brevis?

• Flexor retinaculum

• Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

What are the distal attachments of the abductor pollicis brevis?

• Lateral side of base of the proximal phalanx of 1st digit

What are the actions of the abductor pollicis brevis?

• CMC abduction

• Opposition of 1st digit

What is the innervation of the abductor pollicis brevis?

• Median (recurrent branch), C8

What is the proximal attachment of dorsal interossei (1-4)?

• Adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals (bipennate)

What are the distal attachments of the dorsal interossei (1-4)?

• Base of proximal phalanx & extensor expansions of digits 2-4

• 1 & 2 = radial side of digits 2 & 3

• 3 & 4 = ulnar side of digits 3 & 4

What are the actions of dorsal interossei (1-4)?

• Abduction of digits 2, 3, 4 from axial line

• Assists lumbricals with MP flexion, PIP, DIP extension

What is the innervation of dorsal interossei (1-4)?

• Ulnar (deep branch), T1

What are the superior attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

• Mastoid process

• Lateral half of superior nuchal line

What are the inferior attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

• Sternal head: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum

• Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle

What are the actions of the sternocleidomastoid?

• Bilaterally: flexes neck, if cervical vertebrae are fixed it may elevate manubrium and medial clavicles

• Unilaterally: ipsilateral neck flexion & contralateral rotation

What is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid?

• Spinal accessory (CN XI, motor)

• AR C3, C4 (pain & proprioception)

What are the proximal attachments of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

• Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus

• Ulnar head: olecranon and posterior border of ulna (via aponeurosis)