Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Development Theory

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to Erik Erikson's theories of psychosocial development, focusing on stages, crises, and virtues.

Ego Psychology

A psychological theory that emphasizes the role of the ego in the development of personality and human behavior.

Epigenesis

The process through which development occurs in stages, where each stage builds upon the previous one.

Modalities

Ways of expressing instinctual modes appropriately within a culture.

Trust vs Mistrust

The psychosocial crisis of infancy, where consistent care builds security and neglect breeds fear.

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

The psychosocial conflict during early childhood that encourages independence, where over-control can lead to feelings of doubt.

Initiative vs Guilt

The conflict during the play age where children assert themselves and exercise creativity but may feel guilt from disapproval.

Industry vs Inferiority

The conflict during school age where success builds competence and failure may result in feelings of inferiority.

Identity vs Role Confusion

A stage occurring in adolescence where exploration of beliefs leads to the formation of identity or confusion about roles.

Intimacy vs Isolation

The conflict in young adulthood centered on building deep relationships versus experiencing loneliness.

Generativity vs Stagnation

The psychosocial crisis in adulthood, focusing on productivity and care for the next generation versus self-absorption.

Integrity vs Despair

The final stage in maturity, reflecting on life with acceptance or regret.

Ritualization

Healthy patterns of social rituals that reflect psychological development.

Ritualism

Social forms of rituals that may become rigid or less adaptive.

Identity Achievement

A status where one has explored options and made commitments regarding career and beliefs.

Moratorium

A status indicating exploration of identities without commitment; 'trying on' different identities.

Foreclosures

A status wherein commitments are made without exploration, often adopting parents’ values.

Identity Confusion (Diffusion)

A status characterized by a lack of direction or stable sense of self.

Hope

The virtue developed during the Trust vs Mistrust stage.

Will

The virtue developed during the Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt stage.

Purpose

The virtue associated with the Initiative vs Guilt stage.

Competence

The virtue developed during the Industry vs Inferiority stage.

Fidelity

The virtue that emerges from the Identity vs Role Confusion stage.

Love

The virtue born from the Intimacy vs Isolation stage.

Care

The virtue that develops in the Generativity vs Stagnation stage.

Wisdom

The virtue achieved during the Integrity vs Despair stage.

Incorporative

The first mode of expression involving taking in nourishment and sensations.

Eliminative

The second mode of expression related to letting go, often associated with toilet training.

Retentive

The third mode of expression focused on self-control and independence.

Intrusive

The fourth mode of expression characterized by active exploration and curiosity.

Psychohistory

A method combining psychoanalysis and history to illustrate how identity crises influence leaders.

Anthropological Studies

Research conducted to understand how cultural factors shape ego development.

Play Studies

Research indicating that children's play reflects internal conflicts and complex gender roles.

Crisis

A significant challenge in Erikson's stages essential for ego development.

Ego Strength

A positive psychological outcome that emerges from successfully overcoming crises.