Samnite
Wore visored helmet with high crest, leather or metal bands around arms and legs, large oblong shield (scutum) and a gladius
Murmillō
Fish head, wore crested helmet of a marine animal, short sword, large round shield, often paired with rētiārī
Rētiārius
Net-fighter, fought with trident (fuscina) and net (rētia) wore almost no armor with guard in left arm with large shoulder piece
Thracian
Lightly armored, small round shield (Parma) and curved sword (sica) helmet with large crest sometimes in shape if griffins 2 leg guards and paired with a heavily armed gladiator
Dimachaerus
Lightly armed with 2 swords
Secūtor
Chaser, wore round crested helmet with two small round eye holes. Often paired with rētiārī, right arm covered with protective leather or metal bands, short sword right hand large shield left hand. Metal leg guard left leg (ocrea)
Andabāta
Fought on horseback, armed with small round shield and a spear (spīculum) wore visored helmet without eyeholes
Bēstiārius
A beast fighter armed with vēnāulum (hunting spear)
Essedārius
Gladiator fought in a chariot
Laquerārius
Armed with only lasso, lasso fighter
Mūnera gladiātōria
Gladiatorial games
Suspīrium puellārum
“Girl’s heart-throb” refers to a gladiator who has won many matches and was popular with the ladies
Vēnātiō
A hunt of wild animals
Lanista
A trainer of gladiators
pollice versō
“With the thumb turned” signal to spare the losing gladiators
Rūdis
The wooden sword, symbol of freedom for a gladiator
What were gladiatorial combats originally part of
Funeral takes (a custom taken from the Etruscans)
First set of gladiatorial games took place during ____
The funeral games of Brutus Pera 264 BCE
Gladiatorial combats fought sine missiōne
“Without release” fought to the death
Gladiatorial combats took place in ___
Amphitheaters
Most famous amphitheater is ______
Amphiteātrum Flāvium, the colosseum
Who built the colosseum and why
Built by the empower Vespasian and dedicated to his son Titus
Which empower enjoyed competing in gladiatorial games
Commodus enjoyed dressing up as a gladiator and competing in the Amphitheatre
Describe the end of gladiatorial games
Empower Honorius decreed the end of gladiatorial combat in 399 AD and the last set took place in time on Jan 1st, AD 404