imaging equipment and maintenance midterm

magnetite

a natural magnetic oxide of iron

farmers in magnesia

found the magnetite

magnesia

from where was magnetite found

spring

it is suspended by a ______ and it will move back and forth

lodestone (leading stone)

other term for magnetite

it points into the way of water

it was called leading stone because?

most magnetic of all natural occuring mineral on earth

magnetite is primarily?

magnes, magnesia, magnetism

three terms of magnetism

magnetism

the fundamental property of some forms of matter where lodestone would attract iron fillings

clockwise or counterclockwise

in a charged particle how does electrons spin?

perpendicular

magnetic field is _____ to the motion of particles?

imaginary lines or magnetic flux

intensity of magnetic fields are illustrated as?

on its axis

how does the proton spin?

nuclear magnetic dipole

acts as small magnets at the magnetic field

magnetic moments

nuclear magnetic dipoles is also called as?

magnetic domain

accumulation of many atomic magnets with their dipoles

aligned and uniform

magnetic moments are ______ in a magnetic domain

magnetic dipole

opposite direction but equal strength

bipolar and dipolar magnets

same meaning two poles

magnetic permeability

ability of a material to attract the lines of magnetic field intensity and also the ability to absorb magnetic flux

naturally occuring magnets

artificially induced permanent magnets

electromagnets

three principal types of magnets

earth

example of natural magnets

bars or horse shore shaped magnets, compass, and iron

example of artificially induced permanent magnets

alignment of domains

permanent magnet

wire wrapped iron core

example of electromagnets

proportional

intensity of a magnetic field is _____ to the current provided

magnetic susceptibility

ability to be attracted or degree to which material can be magnetized

four types of magnetic materials

nonmagnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

ferromagnetic

nonmagnetic

unaffected by magnet

diamagnetic

weakly repelled by magnet

paramagnetic

slightly attracted to magnet

(lies between diamagnetic and ferromagnetic)

loosely influenced by external magnetic field

ferromagnetic

strongly attracted

wood and glass

examples of nonmagnetic materials

water and plastics

examples of diamagnetic materials

gadolinium

examples of paramagnetic materials

2 magnetic laws

dipole and attraction and repulsion

dipole law

dividing a magnet into smaller pieces would only create a smaller version of magnet with north and south poles

attraction and repulsion law

unlike poles attract like poles repel

magnetic induction

some materials can be inducted without direct conduct

increase

stronger magnets can _____ the voltage around the circuit

ferromagnetic

what type of magnetic material can be made magnets by induction?

iron

what material cannot retain its magnetism once they are removed from the magnetic field?

AlNiCo

aluminum nickel cobalt

rare earth ceramics

considered stronger types of magnets

maxwell theory of emr

magnetic force is proportional to the product of the magnetic pole strength and inversely proportional to the square distance between them

distance is halved (1/2)

magnetic force increaases by 4 times

james clerk maxwell

full name of maxwell

magnetic field

invisible area of magnetism around a magnet

tesla (T)

si unit of magnetic field strength

gauss (G)

old unit of magnetic field strength

1 Tesla

10,000 gauss (G) is equal to?

3 law of electromagnetism

a magnetic field is always present around a conductor to which it is flowing

changing magnetic field can produce an electric field

transformer law

19th century

in what time was electricity and magnetism were viewed differently?

dynamic electricity

flow of electrons

friction

study of static electricity

luis galvani

who dissected a frog leg and to study if it moces when its touched by metals

alesssandro volta

who stated electric current might be produced by 2 contacting metals

zinc and copper

what elemennt and material intensifies when stacked?

hans oersted

a danish physicist who discovered that electric current create magnetic fields (discovered the relationship of electricity and magnetism)

ammeter

electric CURRENT measuring device

michael faraday

stated to induce current using magnetic field

faradays law

the strength of the magnetic field

the velocity of the magnetic field

the angle of the conductor to the magnetic field

the number of turns in the conductor

Lenz’s Law

second law of magnetic induction

direction of induced current opposes the action that induces it

heinrich lenz

based on him the lenz law

stator

stationary motor that produces magnetic field it is also the primary coil

rotor

rotating motor and secondary coil

transformer

a device that uses magnetic field to produce current

primary coil

a coil which supply is connected

secondary coil

a coil from which output is taken

step up transformer

used to increase the incident voltage

turns ratio is greater than 1

secondary coil is greater than primary coil

output voltage is greater than input voltage

step down transformer

used to decrease incident voltage

turns ratio is lesser than 1

primary coil is greater than secondary coil

inout voltage is greater than output

air core transformer

2 insulating coils lying side by side

close core type

squarecore of ferromagnetic material

doughnut type

less leakage

autotransformer type

an iron core with only one winding of wire

primary and seconadry winding has different connection points

capacitors

acts as battery

momentarily stores electric charge

dielectric

material can sustain electric field but does not conduct electricity