AP GOV ch 7-8 vocab

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34 Terms

1

Broadcast Media

Replaced print media and became Americans’ main source of news and information.

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2

High-Tech Politics

The behavior of citizens and politicians and the political agenda are shaped by technology.

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3

Investigative Reporting

The use of in-depth reporting to unearth scandals, scams, and schemes, often putting reporters in adversarial positions with political leaders.

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4

Mass Media

Includes television, newspapers, radios, magazines, and the internet as the main communication services.

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5

Media Event

Events that are purposely staged for the media and are significant because the media is present.

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6

Narrowcasting

Focusing on one specific interest or audience rather than traditional broadcasting.

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7

Policy Agenda

A list of subjects or problems that government officials pay attention to at any given time.

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8

Print Media

Consists of newspapers and magazines, with newspapers focusing on violence, wars, and corruption, while magazines focus on political news and opinions.

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9

Sound Bite

News or information that is conveyed in 10 seconds or less.

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10

Trial Balloon

Information leaked to gauge political reactions.

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11

Blanket Primaries

A primary in which voters can vote for candidates from any party.

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12

Coalition Governments

When two or more parties join together to form a majority in a national legislature.

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13

Closed Primaries

Primaries where only registered party members can vote for their party's candidates.

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14

Critical Elections

An 'electoral earthquake' when new issues appear, dividing voters and causing realignment in party coalitions.

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15

Linkage Institutions

Institutions that translate inputs from the public into outputs from policymakers.

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16

National Chairperson

Responsible for the day-to-day activities of the party, including hiring staff and raising money.

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17

National Committee

Keeps the party operating between conventions; composed of representatives from states and territories.

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18

National Convention

The meeting of party delegates every four years to choose a presidential ticket and write the party’s platform.

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19

Open Primaries

Primaries that allow voters to select candidates from either party on election day.

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20

Party Competition

The battle between Democrats and Republicans for control of public office.

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21

Party Dealignment

Gradual movement away from both parties, leading to a decrease in party identification.

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22

Party Eras

Historical periods when a majority of voters identify with the party in power.

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23

Party Identification

Citizens' self-proclaimed preference for one party over another.

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24

Party Image

Voters’ perception of what the Republicans or Democrats stand for.

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25

Party Machine

A political party organization that relies on material inducement to win votes and govern.

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26

Party Neutrality

Not aligned with or favoring either party.

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27

Party Realignment

The displacement of the majority party by the minority party during critical elections.

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28

Patronage

Jobs given for political reasons rather than merit, often used by party machines.

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29

Political Party

A team seeking to control the government by winning elections and endorsing candidates.

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30

Proportional Representation

A system that awards legislative seats to parties in proportion to the votes they receive.

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31

Rational-Choice Theory

The theory explaining voter and politician actions based on self-interest, costs, and benefits.

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32

Third Parties

Electoral contenders besides the two major parties that rarely win elections.

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33

Ticket-Splitting

Voting for candidates from different parties for different offices.

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34

Winner-Take-All System

A system where legislative seats are awarded only to candidates who come first in their constituencies.

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