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74 Terms
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Atoms
Basic units of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, electrons.
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Solid
State of matter with fixed shape and volume.
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Liquid
State of matter with fixed volume but no fixed shape.
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Gas
State of matter that fills its container, no fixed shape or volume.
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Plasma
Ionized gas with free-moving charged particles.
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Kinetic Theory of Matter
Theory explaining matter's states based on particle motion.
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Heat
Energy transferred due to temperature difference.
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Thermal Energy
Total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
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Temperature
Measure of average kinetic energy of particles.
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Energy Transfer
Movement of energy from one object to another.
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Specific Heat
Amount of heat needed to raise 1g of substance by 1°C.
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Physical Change
Change affecting form, not chemical composition.
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Chemical Change
Change resulting in new chemical substances.
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Density
Mass per unit volume of a substance.
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Density of Water
1 g/mL at 4°C, standard for comparison.
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Boiling Point
Temperature where liquid turns to gas.
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Melting Point
Temperature where solid turns to liquid.
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Viscosity
Resistance of a liquid to flow.
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Sublimation
Transition from solid to gas without becoming liquid.
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Condensation
Transition from gas to liquid.
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Freezing
Transition from liquid to solid.
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Evaporation
Surface transition from liquid to gas.
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Deposition
Transition from gas directly to solid.
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Vaporization
Process of turning from liquid to gas.
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Boiling
Rapid vaporization occurring at boiling point.
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Melting
Process of solid turning into liquid.
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Solubility
Ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
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Miscibility
Ability of two liquids to mix without separation.
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Flammability
Ability of a substance to ignite and burn.
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Reactivity
Tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reactions.
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Hardness
Resistance of a material to deformation or scratching.
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Ductility
Ability to be drawn into wires.
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Conductivity
Ability of a material to conduct electricity or heat.
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Malleability
Ability to be shaped or molded without breaking.
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Atoms
Basic units of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, electrons.
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Solid
State of matter with fixed shape and volume.
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Liquid
State of matter with fixed volume but no fixed shape.
38
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Gas
State of matter that fills its container, no fixed shape or volume.
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Plasma
Ionized gas with free-moving charged particles.
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Kinetic Theory of Matter
Theory explaining matter's states based on particle motion.
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Heat
Energy transferred due to temperature difference.
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Thermal Energy
Total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
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Temperature
Measure of average kinetic energy of particles.
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Energy Transfer
Movement of energy from one object to another.
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Specific Heat
Amount of heat needed to raise 1g of substance by 1°C.
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Physical Change
Change affecting form, not chemical composition.
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Chemical Change
Change resulting in new chemical substances.
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Density
Mass per unit volume of a substance.
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Density of Water
1 g/mL at 4°C, standard for comparison.
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Boiling Point
Temperature where liquid turns to gas.
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Melting Point
Temperature where solid turns to liquid.
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Viscosity
Resistance of a liquid to flow.
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Sublimation
Transition from solid to gas without becoming liquid.
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Condensation
Transition from gas to liquid.
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Freezing
Transition from liquid to solid.
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Evaporation
Surface transition from liquid to gas.
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Deposition
Transition from gas directly to solid.
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Vaporization
Process of turning from liquid to gas.
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Boiling
Rapid vaporization occurring at boiling point.
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Melting
Process of solid turning into liquid.
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Solubility
Ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
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Miscibility
Ability of two liquids to mix without separation.
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Flammability
Ability of a substance to ignite and burn.
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Reactivity
Tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reactions.
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Hardness
Resistance of a material to deformation or scratching.
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Ductility
Ability to be drawn into wires.
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Conductivity
Ability of a material to conduct electricity or heat.
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Malleability
Ability to be shaped or molded without breaking.
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Equation for density
D=M/V
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Equation for Mass
M=DV
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Equation for Volume
V=M/D
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Note 
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