Chapter 13: Digestive System (Medical Terminology)

abdomin/o

abdomen

aliment/o

nutrition

bucc/o

cheek

cheil/o

lip

chol/e, chol/o

bile, gall

cholangi/o

bile duct

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

choledoch/o

common bile duct

col/o, colon/o

colon

dent/i, dent/o

teeth

diverticul/o

diverticulum

duoden/o

duodenum

-emesis

vomit

enter/o

intestine

esophag/o

esophagus

gastr/o

stomach

gingiv/o

gums

gloss/o

tongue

hepat/o

liver

ile/o

ileum

jejun/o

jejunum

lapar/o

abdomen

-lith

stone

pancreat/o

pancreas

-pepsia

digestion

phag/o

eating, swallowing

-phagia

eat or swallow

proct/o

anus and rectum

pylor/o

pylorus

rect/o

rectum

-scope

instrument used for viewing

-scopy

visual examination

sial/o

salivary glands

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

stomat/o

mouth

inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the sac that lines the abdominal cavity

peritonitis

inflammation of the diverticula, which fill with stagnant fecal matter and become inflamed

diverticulitis

volvus

twisting of the bowel

cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

cholangiolitis

inflammation of a bile duct

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

cholelithiasis

condition in which calculi (stones) reside in the gallbladder or bile duct

BE

barium enema

BP

blood pressure

BM

bowel movement

EGD

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

GI

gastrointestinal

GP

general practitioner

HCl

hydrochloric acid

HTN

hypertension

IBS

irritable bowel syndrome

IBD

inflammatory bowel disease

LES

lower esophageal sphincter

LGI

lower gastrointestinal

NG

nasogastric

NPO

nothing by mouth

PO

by mouth

SOB

shortness of breath

TPN

total parenteral nutrition

UC

ulcerative colitis

UGI

upper gastrointestinal

UGIS

upper gastrointestinal series

WBC

white blood cell

sialorrhea

excess production of saliva

sialostenosis

narrowing of a salivary duct

antiemetic

drug used to relieve vomiting

cholecystectomy

removal of gallbladder

colopexy

attachment of a portion of the colon to the abdominal wall

enteroscopy

visual examination of the intestines

jejunotomy

incision into the jejunum

cholecystopathy

any disease of the gallbladder

ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity

cirrhosis

chronic disease of the liver

duodenitis

inflammation of the duodenum

enteropathy

any intestinal disease

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

gastroduodenitis

inflammation of the stomach and duodenum

hepatogenic

originating in the liver

hepatomegaly

enlarged liver