Studied by 1 person
acquired immunity
immunity that is present only after exposure and is highly specific.
active immunity
the body produces its own antibodies against disease-causing antigens.
antibody functions
block pathogens from entering cells, prevent bacteria from ingesting nutrients, binding toxins
antigen
stimulates an immune response
artificial immunity
vaccine
autoimmune disease
a disease in which the immune system attacks the organism's own cells
B cells
produce antibodies
bacillus
rod shaped
chain of infection
infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
coccus
round
Common nosocomial infections
UTI, pneumonia, gastrointestinal infections, bloodstream infections, skin and soft tissue infections
DDT sequence of events
receive call, gather initial info, invited to site, gather data on site, analyze info, provide recommendations, facility implements control measures, review and make necessary adjustments
digestive enzymes
kill invaders
diplococci
pairs
direct contact
touching an infected person or his/her body fluids
disease
pathogen impiars bodily functions
e protein
envelope protein, assembling and release of virus in host cells
endemic
confined to a particular country or area
epidemic
sudden increase in disease above the normal level in a population
epidemiologist
deals with the incidence, distribution, causes, and control or health problems in a population
epidemiologist knowledge
clinical medicine, pathology, biostatistics, social science
factors of communication
audience, timing, method of delivery
gram negative
pink, thin peptidoglycan layer
gram positive
purple, thick peptidoglycan layer
gram stain
A staining method that distinguishes between two different kinds of bacterial cell walls
herd immunity
immunity in most of a population
host
organism on which another organism lives
indirect contact
inhaling particles, touching infected object, bitten by infected insect
infection
establishment of a pathogen in a host
infectious dose
the number of microorganisms to cause illness
innate immunity
immunity that is present before exposure and effective from birth
jobs of epidemiologists
study trend in health issues and deploy public announcements, education initiatives, and protocol to protect the nation
m protein
membrane protein, forms characteristic shape
morphology
study of form
nasal mucosa and philia
trap invaders
normal flora
microbes that live and grow in a certain area
nosocomial
hospital acquired infection
outbreak
sudden increase in localized area
pandemic
worldwide epidemic
passive immunity
from mother through breast feeding or placenta
pathogens
disease causing agents
peptidoglycan
sugar and amino acid rich cell wall
phagocytes
eating cells
philia
small hairs
r naught
measure how infectious an agent is
R0 calculation
new cases/existing cases
rna virus
cross species barriers, RNA not DNA
s protein
spike protein, binding to lung cells
SARS-CoV-2
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
spirilla
spiral shaped
sporadic disease
occurs infrequently and irregularly
staphylococci
grape-like clusters
stomach acid
kills bacteria
T-cells
white blood cells that destroy pathogens
tears
wash organisms away
tetrad
4 cocci
types of pathogens
viruses, bacteria, protists, fungi, prions, helminths
what do immune systems protect
body from microbes, toxings, and foreign agents
what makes up immune system
cells, tissues, and organs
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Flashcard (58)