Paper 1 Equations

Work Done (J)

Force × Distance in direction of force

Hooke's Law (force applied to spring) (N)

Spring Constant × Extension

Pressure (Pa)

Force on object ÷ Area of object

Kinetic Energy (J)

½ × Mass × Speed²

Gravitational Potential Energy (J)

Mass × Gravitational Field Strength × Height

1. Power (W)

Energy transferred ÷ Time

2. Power (W)

Potential Difference × Current

3. Power (W)

Current² × Resistance

Resistance (Ω)

Potential Difference ÷ Current

1. Efficiency

Useful output energy ÷ Total input energy

2. Efficiency

Useful power output ÷ Total power input

Charge (Coulombs)

Current × Time

Energy Transferred (J)

Charge × Potential Difference

Density (Kg/m³ or g/cm³)

Mass ÷ Volume