History 15,16,17

Deism

A belief system that relies on science rather than the Bible, denies the divinity of Christ, and believes in a Supreme Being who created the universe.

Unitarianism

Derived from Deism, it believes in one God in one person, rejecting the Trinity, and appealed mostly to intellectuals.

Second Great Awakening

A religious revival starting in 1800 that led to increased religious fervor in the United States, with women becoming more involved in religion.

Tax-supported public education

Implemented between 1825-1850 to educate children, recognizing them as the future, despite challenges like high costs and male-dominated teaching staff.

Transcendentalism

A movement in the 1830s emphasizing knowledge beyond the senses, self-reliance, and self-discipline, with key figures like Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau.

American Temperance Society

Formed in 1826 to combat alcohol consumption, advocating for abstinence and leading to movements like prohibition.

Seneca Falls Convention

Held in 1848, it was the first women's rights convention where the Declaration of Independence was reimagined to include women's rights.

Utopian communities

Experimental communities in the early 1800s seeking human betterment, like the one founded by Robert Owen in New Harmony, Indiana.

American literature

Flourished after the War of 1812 with a boost from nationalism and romanticism, featuring prominent figures like Washington Irving and James Fenimore Cooper.

Plantation slavery

By 1850, there were 4 million black slaves in the American South, treated as commodities and forming their own religions, with conditions varying but often harsh.

Radical Abolitionism

Movement advocating for the immediate and complete abolition of slavery, often through radical and militant actions.

William Lloyd Garrison

Prominent abolitionist who published the anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator and famously burned a copy of the Constitution in protest.

Black Abolitionists

African American abolitionists who fought against slavery, including figures like David Walker, Sojourner Truth, and Frederick Douglass.

Nullification Crisis of 1832

Series of setbacks to emancipation efforts in the South, leading to the silencing of white southern abolitionism.

Gag Resolution

Congressional rule requiring all anti-slavery appeals to be tabled without debate, stifling abolitionist efforts in the House of Representatives.

Manifest Destiny

Belief that the United States was destined to expand across the continent, influencing policies such as the annexation of Texas and the settlement of the Oregon Country dispute.

John Tyler

Vice President who became President after Harrison's death, known for his conflicts with the Whig Party and his role in the annexation of Texas.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Treaty signed in 1848, ending the Mexican-American War and ceding Texas and California to the United States for $15 million.