Module 3 Part 1

Network Architecture

The design and structure of a network, including components like backboard networks and virtual networks.

Backboard Networks

Networks that connect different parts of an enterprise in one physical location, facilitating communication and data transfer.

Virtual Networks

Networks independent of physical wiring, allowing for reconfiguration using software and enhancing flexibility.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, fundamental for network communication, and OSI models, essential for network design.

Reliable Data Movement

Ensuring efficient and secure transfer of data packets from a source to a destination, complying with organizational security policies.

Types of Networks

Categorized based on geographic span into Local Area Networks (LANs), Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs), and Wide Area Networks (WANs).

Internetwork

Interconnected networks forming a larger network, exemplified by the Internet, a global network of networks.

Internet Ownership

The Internet is not collectively owned but comprises networks owned by various entities, connected by Internet Service Providers (ISPs).

Backbone Network

High-speed network connecting local area networks within an organization, facilitating communication within the enterprise and beyond.

Wide Area Networks

Networks that connect far-flung locations of an enterprise.

Third Party Service Provider

A provider that offers wide area network services, similar to an Internet service provider.

Ethernet

A dominant technology for backboard networks, capable of running at various speeds like one gigabit per second, ten gigabit per second, or 40 gigabit per second.

Fiber Optic Cable

Utilized for higher capacity networks, removing distance constraints compared to copper wiring.

Backbone Network

High-speed connectivity in data centers connecting shared systems like servers, application servers, web servers, and database servers.

Switch

Device that connects computers into a network, commonly used in local area networks.

Router

Device that connects multiple local area networks together, used in larger networks.

Gateway

Router used to connect a network to another network owned by a different entity.

Routed Backbone

Moves data based on the network layer address (IP address) using Ethernet connectivity.

Virtual LAN (VLAN)

Assigns computers to LAN segments using software, dissociating physical layout from logical data flow.

Layer 2 Switch

Uses the data link layer or physical address to move data.

Layer 3 Switch

Uses the IP address to move data.

Triple IEEE 802.1Q

Standard for VLANs, specifying designs for single or multiple switch virtual LANs.

Port-Based VLAN

Assigns computers to LAN segments based on physical port numbers on the switch.

MAC-Based VLAN

Uses the MAC address to form virtual LANs.

IP-Based VLAN

Uses the network layer address (IP address) to form virtual LANs.

Application-Based VLAN

Combines layer four (transport) and layer five (application) for forming VLANs.

Port plus IP combination

Utilized to assign systems by grouping applications together based on ports and IP addresses for traffic control.

802.1Q

A standard that inserts a 16-byte tag into Ethernet packets for virtual LAN identification and traffic prioritization.

Access layer

The first layer in network architecture that connects devices to the network, such as laptops, servers, and application servers.

Distribution layer

Part of the backbone that links local area networks together within a building or cluster of buildings.

Core layer

Connects all distribution layers together and links the internal network to the external world, like the Internet.

Layer 2 switch

Typically used in smaller networks where individual devices connect directly to the access layer.

Layer 3 switch

Commonly used in larger networks to connect layer 2 switches and provide routing functionalities.

Backboard network

Connects multiple networks to form an enterprise network with access, distribution, and core layers for efficient data movement and security compliance.