Criminal_Justice_and_Civil_Procedure

Suspect

A person believed to have committed a crime but not formally charged.

Accused

A person who has been formally charged with a crime.

Convict

A person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court.

Detention

The act of holding someone temporarily, often for questioning or investigation.

Custody

The state of being detained under legal authority, usually pending trial or as part of a sentence.

Caution

A formal warning given by police to a suspect, informing them of their rights.

Legal Aid

Assistance provided to individuals who cannot afford legal representation, ensuring access to justice.

Apprehension

The act of taking someone into custody, often without formal charges.

Arrest

The formal act of detaining someone with charges or under suspicion of a crime.

Defence Costs

The expenses incurred in defending a legal case, including lawyer fees, court costs, and other related expenses.

Summary Offences

Minor offences tried in a magistrate's court.

Indictable Offences

Serious offences tried in a higher court with a jury.

Offences Triable Either Way

Crimes that can be tried either as summary or indictable, depending on the severity.

Guilty Plea

Admission of committing the crime.

Not-Guilty Plea

Denial of committing the crime, leading to a trial.

Verdict

The decision of guilt or innocence by a judge or jury.

Sentence

The punishment given after a guilty verdict.

Jury Trial

A trial involving a jury that decides the verdict.

Summary Trial

A trial decided by a judge without a jury, often for minor offences.

Burden of Proof

The obligation to prove the assertions made in a case, typically resting on the prosecution in criminal trials.

Prove Beyond Reasonable Doubt

A standard of proof requiring that the evidence must leave no reasonable doubt about the defendant's guilt.

Bail

The temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes subject to conditions and monetary security.

Conviction

A formal declaration of guilt.

Acquittal

A formal declaration of innocence.

Litigation

The process of taking legal action or resolving disputes through the courts.

Claimant

The person who brings a case to court.

Defendant

The person against whom the case is brought.

Summons

A legal document requiring a person to appear in court.

Insolvency Proceeding

Legal proceedings to address the inability of an individual or company to pay debts.

Counterclaim

A claim made by a defendant against the claimant in response to the original claim.

Judgment

The final decision of a court resolving the dispute between parties.

Disclosure of Evidence

The process where parties share relevant evidence before trial.

Discovery

Evidence that is relevant and not privileged, including documents, electronic records, and witness statements.

Case Management Conference

A meeting to streamline the trial process by addressing procedural issues, setting timelines, and encouraging settlement.

Out-of-Court Settlement

A resolution of a dispute between parties without a formal court trial.